Saturday, August 31, 2019

Book Thief

Adriana Alvarez Ms. Spooner Survey Lit, Period 2 September 17, 2011 Diagnostic Book Thief Essay Assignment Sometimes in literature, a character’s actions oppose the ideals, values, morals, etc. of his or her society. A character in The Book Thief who opposes his or her society is Rudy Steiner. Of course, there was a purpose for Zusak to make Rudy exactly the way he did. Rudy was a little boy when we first meet him, and we see him grow up in one of the most horrific eras of our world’s history. At the end of the story Rudy had a deep anger towards Hitler, saying â€Å"the quote where he wants to kill him. (Zusak, pg) But he wasn’t always like that. In the beginning he didn’t really care. At first, he didn’t even fully understand what was going on. He was nothing but a little kid. This is what Zusak was trying to hit at. A lot of kids that went through the whole Nazi era didn’t really understand what was going on, and therefore didn’t r eally care. It doesn’t mean they didn’t care about the Jews; they were just too young to comprehend what was going around them. However, as the story progressed, Rudy changed his mind.Again, Zusak was making him symbolize all those little kids back in those days. Rudy changed his mind, because Hitler affected him directly. Hitler tried to take him to a school away from his family, and then ended up taking his father away. It wasn’t until Rudy was directly and personally affected by Hitler’s actions that he started to show remorse against him. It wasn’t until then that Rudy started to realize what was going on around him. Another way that Rudy opposes the ideals and morals of his society, is the whole Jesse Owes incident.Jesse Owens was a famous and respected gold medaled runner. However, he was African American. He wasn’t what was expected; light skin, light hair and colored eyes. The fact that Rudy covered himself head to toe in charcoal, a nd was running as fast as he could, trying to impersonate Jesse Owens, would of been frowned upon. Yet, â€Å"I just wish I was like Jesse Owens, Papa. † (Zusak,60) said Rudy. Jesse Owens overall was not approved of. But Rudy didn’t care. He had an idol, and he wanted to be like him, no matter what others said or thought.And Rudy often did this. He believed what he wanted to believe, he did what he wanted to do, and listened to who he wanted to listen to, whether people approved or not. He was to young when the whole Jesse Owens incident occurred, and he didn’t understand that if someone had seen him covered in coal they could’ve sent him to the camps. Luckily only his father had seen him. Zusak uses Rudy in representation of kids, such as himself, who didn’t understand that even the slightest action done out of the norm could have cost them their life.Rudy helps Zusak show how the Nazi era affected even the kids, how it changed their point of view and their way of living. Overall, Rudy along with the other characters allow Zusak to write about the Nazi era in a new way. In a way that hits us like a bag bricks and leaves us thinking about how we could have let someone hurt others so much and the endless points of view that were forever changed. Zusak reminds us that there are still thousands of people and perspectives that we haven’t thought of or tried on for a change of shoes.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Managing First-Line Patient Care

It is very important to keep the patients clean. Ill people would rather worry about coping to their illness than to bathe, brush teeth, and stay clean. That is why nurses should observe the patients whether they can clean themselves and assist them if necessary, especially in bathing. Hydrotherapy plays a vital role in managing acute and chronic diseases. Proper giving of bath gives a tonic, eliminative, and antipyretic action. The essence of giving bath is not just to keep the patients clean, but also to reduce temperature, to stimulate their body, and to make them relax. (Crawford, 1910) To stimulate patients, cold bath is advisable. When the patient needs to be relaxed, because of nervousness or anxiety, a warm bath should be provided. If the patient’s temperature is increasing and needs to be reduced, either warm bath or cold bath should be applied depending on the case. (Crawford, 1910) Warm bath will definitely help in reducing the stench of sweat and will provide freshness. If the patient is at the height of fever, bath is not advisable, especially the cold bath. Moreover, regular bath or cold sponging is not suitable for patients who are sick, bed ridden and elderly but a warm sponge bath can be applied instead.   (Kakkilaya, 2003) Hygiene is very personal, and individual’s practices of keeping themselves clean may vary according to one’s culture or religion. It is very important to make the patients meet their personal needs rather than to carry out standard routines. And also, the patient’s beliefs and privacy should also be respected. Patients may be bathed daily in the hospital but if the patient has a dry skin, bathing should be limited to once or twice a week to avoid further drying out of his skin.   (World Health Organization, 2005) For patients who can walk may be assisted by the nurse or family members to the shower or tub. Prepare a chair in the bathroom for the patient to sit on. Help the patient to wash and dry off, and in putting on clothes. In doing a bed bath, make sure all the doors and windows are closed, to protect the patient’s privacy. Prepare the basin of warm water, soap, clothes, bath blankets, and towels. Cleanse the face, ears, and neck. Next is the right arm, hand and axilla; repeat with left arm. Then cleanse the chest area.   Lastly, cleanse the legs and feet of the patient. Change the bath water once or twice. After bathing, change the bed linen. (World Health Organization, 2005) Next, I will discuss another bath procedure for patients called the Hot Sitz Bath, also known as the Hip Bath. This is done to relieve muscle contraction, to alleviate exudates, to speed up suppuration process and healing, and to lessen congestion and provide relief in the perineal area.   This is applicable for patients with hemorrhoids. (pobisnar, 2006) Do not use warm water if the patient already shows a sign of congestion. Monitor the patient is getting weak or fainting during the bath.When the patient has been positioned in the tub or chair; check if the thighs and legs are being pressured. Support the back of the patient all through out the bath. (pobisnar, 2006) Use the appropriate tub for the size of the patient, to make him comfortable while taking a bath. Prepare towels and bathmat, bath blanket, inflatable ring, and clean clothes. Prepare the linen in the bathroom. Only one-third of the tub should be filled with water. Check the temperature of water with bare hands, temperature of water should be between 105 °F and 110 °F (40.5 °C to 43.3 °C). Check all the necessary towels and inflatable rings, making sure these are just within reach to save time and effort. Make certain the patient is informed what the whole procedure is about and how it will be done. Then instruct the patient to undress, especially the hip is exposed. Before he goes into the tub, use a thermometer first and check the temperature of the water. A temperature of 43-46 ° C will create relaxation while a temperature of 34-37 ° C will help promote healing of wound. (pobisnar, 2006) Support the patient and position him appropriately. Make sure he is comfortable in his position. Put the bath sheet around the patient’s shoulders and wrap the ends over the tub to keep him away from chilling. In case the patient’s condition warrants, particularly when he is already vomiting, his skin is paling, and the pulse rate becomes faster, stop the bath. Warm water can be added to maintain the desired temperature but make sure the water is agitated by stirring it as hot water and added to prevent burns. Never leave the patient alone to ensure security of the patient. After fifteen to thirty minutes of bathing, assist the patient out of the tub, help him dry himself and cover him satisfactorily. Let him lie down to rest until normal circulation returns.   (pobisnar, 2006) The concept of giving bath is very necessary for nursing students, one of the basic concepts they should learn first for their careers. Though anyone, even not under the medicine field may also learn the proper procedure of giving bath to patients. Now, how these procedures can be effectively taught? People have different learning traits. We have different ways to absorb knowledge based on our personality and personal experiences. Basically, there are four types of adult learners: The commonsense learner, the dynamic learner, the innovative learner, and the analytical learner. The common sense learner must first practice and integrate the concepts into experience. The dynamic learner likes teaching himself and shares his knowledge with others. The innovative learner asks for reasons for learning and finds personal meaning in the instructions. Lastly, the analytical learner should be provided with information then integrates them, reflecting on concepts with application analysis. (Evans, 2007) First, present the concept using visual aids such as power point presentation, etc. Explain what is being taught and why the concept should be taught. Explain its application (the correct methods and rationale behind the procedures) and the opportunity to practice whether they can do it or not, especially for the students under innovative and analytical type. Then, prepare an activity related to the subject matter to make them experience the concept. For example, you can use a dummy to show the actual procedures or prepare a video clip of a professional practicing the concepts for proper presentation. Then give them a chance to practice it for themselves. Train them, until they all get the proper procedure. Interact with the participants, and focus on students who belong to the innovative learner type. Then solicit feedback and conduct a group evaluation to know how far they have learned from you. Teaching means communicating skills and knowledg, verbally giving instructions and offering presentations. Your students knowledge will depend on your ability to teach. (Evans, 2007) Works Cited Crawford, M. L. (1910). Why, When, and How to Bathe a Fever Patient. The American Journal of Nursing , 314-317. Evans, P. (2007, March 13). The adult learner: Training your labor force. Retrieved October 04, 2007, from http://www.thefabricator.com/ShopManagement/ShopManagement_Article.cfm?ID=1577 Kakkilaya, D. B. (2003). Is Bathing Contraindicated in Fever? Retrieved October 04, 2007, from Rational Medicine Org: http://www.rationalmedicine.org/bath.htm pobisnar. (2006). Nursing Procedure: Hot Sitz Bath (Hip Bath). Retrieved October 04, 2007, from Nurse’s Diary: http://nursediary.pid.com.ph/p16.htm World Health Organization. (2005). Daily Care of the Patient. Retrieved October 04, 2007, from WHO site: http://www.wpro.who.int/internet/files/pub/85/33-49.pdf                     

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Evidence based descision making masters level Essay

Evidence based descision making masters level - Essay Example The Medline, Embase, Chinahl, British nursing index and the Cochrane controlled trials register databases were searched. Two randomized controlled trials containing raw data were selected for use in the review. Both were underpowered, therefore the data were used to create a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis indicated that sacral neurostimulation is an efficient means of treating refractory urinary incontinence. The study concluded that sacral neuromodulation is an effective and safe treatment for refractory urge incontinence with long lasting effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of sacral nerve stimulation for the treatment of refractory urinary urge incontinence and review the current knowledge as well as identify knowledge gaps on the effectiveness of the treatment. The review will focus on research studies that either prove or dispel the effectiveness of the treatment in those with refractory urge incontinence. The review will also elaborate on the discussion based on the critical analysis of the literature and will seek to establish the validity and reliability of the findings from the reviewed studies. The study will culminate in recommendations that could advise and inform nursing practice on novel and innovative clinical approaches in dealing with patients with refractory urge incontinence. Research-based or best practice-based solutions will be highlighted as constant reminders for nursing practitioners and other health professionals dealing with urge incontinence. Involuntary release of urine, which may be caused by physiologic, pharmacologic, pathologic, or psychological factors, is known as urinary incontinence (Ogundele, 2006). The International Continence Society (ICS) defines urinary incontinence "as a condition of involuntary urine loss that is objectively demonstrable and is a social or hygienic problem" (Ogundele, 2006). The lifetime prevalence of UI in all ages has been estimated to be about 6.6% in males and

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Gun Laws Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gun Laws - Research Paper Example It is also argued that the right to own guns has become a detriment to the safety of society which is in opposition to the intentions of the Founders. â€Å"Responsible gun owners† tell me that guns and bullets should be stored separately so that children in the house will not have access to firearms. How will this scenario help during a home invasion? The truth is gun owners stay locked and loaded. This is why guns kill many more children (75 to 1) than who (criminals) they were intended. (Kopel, 1993) The Second Amendment states â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed† (â€Å"The Constitution†, 2006). This, as were all of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, was added by the Founding Fathers so as to provide a more clear definition of the specific rights guaranteed to Americans. Obviously, the right to own arms was of supreme importance to the Founders given that it was listed second only after the freedom of religion and speech was documented in the First Amendment. The Founders knew that by ensuring the right to own arms, citizens would have the ability to protect themselves from that which might endanger their life, liberty or pursuit of happiness. This could include bodily protection from persons and animals or from an oppressive government that threatened the freedoms outlined in the Constitution. â€Å"The Second Amendment reflects the found ers’ belief that an armed citizenry, called the ‘general militia’ was a necessary precaution against tyranny by our own government and its army. Those who advocate gun control consider the Second Amendment to be â€Å"obsolete; or is intended solely to guard against suppression of state militias by the central government and therefore restricted in scope by that intent; or does not guarantee a right that is absolute, but one that can be limited by reasonable requirements† (Krouse, 2002).

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Research Paper - Essay Example The cycle of the livestock forms the key determinant of pastoralists’ daily and seasonal lives (Nowak & Laird, 2010). Among the Zulu and some other pastoral cultures, agriculture forms a supplement to developing animal products (Nowak & Laird, 2010). However, Gluckman (1963, p.81), argues that although â€Å"the Zulu, Tswana, Ankoke, Kavirondo, and Nuer are grouped as pastoral-agriculturalists†, complex patterns emerge from an interweaving of their ecological setting, the distribution of their settlements, division of labor, and other factors that form their culture. The Zulu utilise their animals not only for their own subsistence, but also in social and ritual occasions. Similar to the Masai of Kenya, although there is emphasis on music, dancing, elaborate beadwork, and oral narratives, there is little significance for the visual arts in the Zulu culture (Hatcher, 1999). Livestock represent wealth and prestige; they are exchanged as a part of marital gift-giving, and are used for settling disputes, as well as for ceremonial sacrifices. The community develops close emotional attachments to their livestock, and rarely slaughter their animals for food. Due to a lack of storage facilities and preservation techniques, pastoralists such as the Zulu have a reciporcal system of distributing the animals they butcher to other members of the group for immediate consumption (Nowak & Laird, 2010). Pastoralism as the primary mode of subsistence impacts several dimensions of cultural behavior among the Zulus. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the pastoral mode of subsistence impacts different aspects of the cultural behavior of the Zulu tribe of Africa. In this context, their beliefs and values, gender relations, and political organization will be examined. Beliefs and Values of the Zulu Tribe The ancestor cult of the Zulus is based on the lineage and kinship system distinguishing Zulu life. Ritual sacrifices form an inherent pa rt of ceremonial rites among the tribe. Lambert (1993) attributes sacrifice to its origins in the ritualisation of the palaeolithic hunt. The contradictory features regarding people deeply attached to their animals is that there is no trace of guilt or anxiety at ritual killings among the Zulus. The author states that in both Zulu as well as ancient Greek sacrifices, misleading emotional factors are imbued, which may actually be absent from individual sacrifices. Hence, â€Å"explanations offered in terms of origins or formative antecedents are fraught with speculative problems and throw no light on the motivation for sacrifice† (Lambert, 1993, p.293) of livestock. The African cosmological understanding of life, death, and creation include the relationship of humankind with nature and the natural phenomena as their core issues (Monteiro-Ferreira, 2005). According to Asante (1998, p.89), â€Å"the organizing principle of human society, the creative spirit of phenomena, and th e eternal order of the universe† is Ma’at, which depicted the basic principle of creation as the equilibrium of opposites, the universe being regulated by the force of the perfectly established energy. Through the tradition of the oral narrative passed on from one generation to the next, these cosmological and ethical concepts were recreated to symbolize the spirit of the ancestors, which were considered very significant by the Zulus. Thus, Unkulunkulu is the ancient concept of a

Monday, August 26, 2019

FGM Practices in Ethiopia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

FGM Practices in Ethiopia - Research Paper Example This paper tells that in Ethiopia and just like other African countries, FGM is a product of a culture that is associated with beliefs, behavioral norms, customs, rituals, social hierarchies, and religious, together with political and economic systems. Despite a cultural background deeply rooted in the conscious of both men and women in these societies, it is important for appropriate initiatives to be undertaken by all those who see this as a violation of women’s rights. Such appropriate actions are envisaged to include among others use of legal measures, outreach services, and health promotion and education programmes. Therefore, the sole purpose of the funding will be at fulfilling the set objectives within these three broad category areas in Ethiopia. World Health Organization (WHO) in its 2008 report described FGM to involve all the processes and steps that usually involve â€Å"partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injuries to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons and is considered a human rights violation†. Momoh has noted that FGM is a concept that has been supported by centuries of tradition, culture and false beliefs where it seems to be perpetuated by poverty, illiteracy, and low status in women, as well as inadequate healthcare facilities. In these societies, the practice of FGM is inherently linked to overall ideas about identity, sexuality, gender, and power. in addition, women who accept to undergo FGM are regarded in high esteem in the society that practice it while those who do not embrace the practice are viewed as immature women, unaccepted in the community and largely unqualified for marriage and childbearing. In essence, women who decide to undergo FGM are motivated by the need to be accepted in the society since punishment associated with not undergoing the practice include becoming a social outcast, rejection by peers and family, and loss of security and support.

Sunday, August 25, 2019

An Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction Research Paper

An Age of Cross-Cultural Interaction - Research Paper Example History experts refer to this particular epoch as the age of cross-cultural communication because of the establishment trans-regional nomadic empires (Nystrom 569). According to them, the cross-cultural interactions were significantly different in dynamics from those of the earlier post-classical era. Historical records show that Nomadic people established empires that occupied vast coverage of the Eurasian land, thus sponsoring the direct interactions of distant peoples. In the 11th century, the Saljuq Turks established an empire extending from Anatolia and Southwest Asia into Central Asia. At around the same period, the Khitan people built a huge empire in the West and North steppe lands of China. The twelfth century saw the conquest of the Khitan people by the Jurchen, a semi nomadic group that came from Manchuria. Consequently, the Jurchen incorporated the entire north china into their empire (GMU). The most important development of the period occurred in the 13th century, when t he Mongols with the help of their allies conquered most of the Eurasia, thus establishing the largest empire in the history of humans. The new empire stretched from Manchuria, China, and Korean on the eastern side to the Danube and Russia in the west. Despite the collapse of their Chinese Yuan dynasty, the Mongols still played an integral part in Central Asia. The period between the fourteenth and sixteenth century, the Timurid conquerors established a vast empire in India, Anatolia, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia (Bentley and Ziegler 565). These conquests, empire building efforts, and migrations of nomadic people facilitated the cross-cultural interactions to occur in a systematic and intensive fashion than earlier eras. In the case of the Mongols foe instance, the establishment of an enormous, trans-regional empire ensured the direct interaction of people from distant lands as Europe and China (Crossley 120). It was important for the majority of nomad communities to have their e mpires in Central Asia, as the region played an integral part in the overland trade between points west and China. The establishment of nomad empires and their strong interest in trade ensured that the trade transaction in the terrestrial silk roads became safer than in previous history, thus rising in volume (Adas 20). At the same time, the trade over the sea-lane also increased, driving the Indian Ocean basin towards economic integration. In summary, the age on nomadic empires sustained a systematic and well-articulated nature of long distance trade. The imperial expansion, long distance trade, and mass migration were very important in sustaining the cross-cultural interactions between 1000 and 1500 C.E than in earlier eras. The main difference was that by the fourteenth century, the interactions had become intense, regular, systematic, and frequent than in past eras. Missionaries and ambassadors traveled through the trade routes along merchants and soldiers. At the same period, t here were widespread establishment of religious missions and diplomatic contacts over long distances not travelled before. Islamic merchants were very essential in the establishment of a strong foundation of their faith at the eastern hemisphere extreme ends, West Africa, and Southeast Asia. At about the same time, the conquerors managed to establish Islamic communities in Anatolia and northern India (Bentley 764). The most significant cross-cultural in

Business law assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business law - Assignment Example ties can consider various alternatives without arriving at the final agreement while litigation is contentious and costly and getting back to courts will require a change of circumstances of the case. Mediation is cheaper since the parties hire a neutral mediation expert as opposed to litigation which entails two opposing attorneys and numerous court proceedings. An indictable offence is an offence that can only be tried on an indictment after preliminary hearing to determine whether the accused has a prima facie case to answer. They are the most serious offences under the criminal code and carry serious punishments such as life in correctional centres. Some facts of indictable offences include the lack of limitation on when charges can be laid with exception of treason where the limitation for trial is three years. The trials are held in Provincial courts. The police can arrest a person without a warrant of arrest. The convicted persons can only apply for pardon after ten years since conviction. Examples of such offences in Canada include murder, treason, and aggravated sexual assault (Baudouin and Linden 45). Section s16 (2) of the Act outlines the official languages and provides equality of the two languages since New Brunswick is dominated by English speaking and French speaking citizens. In this case, the government institutions and legislative organs must use the two languages. Section 28 of the Act safeguards gender equality by outlining that both males and females are guaranteed equal rights and freedoms. The section is important since it prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender. c) The plaintiff claimed both general and special damages. General damages are not assessed directly and include non-monetary losses suffered from the injuries. In this case, general damages include depression, loss of future income due to injuries, pain, disfigurement and loss of lifestyle. The special damages are directly linked to the injuries and quantifiable in

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Introduction to Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to Business - Essay Example I have been an active member of the school’s marketing and advertising societies where I learned how an idea could be transformed into the form of a concept and then moving further ahead, the shape of an execution is something that I touched upon in greater detail. With that, I also gained an insight into the world of advertising and marketing since there were a lot of seminars and workshops related with the field of business every now and then. I was once appointed as the leader of our college’s marketing panel where I lead a team of six individuals. Thus the aspect of team building and leadership is something that is ingrained in me. I cherish the university days and I believe it is perfect place to harness what one has learnt with the passage of time. I might not be able to achieve the same in the office since that is the time when money and time are basic considerations but a university is the perfect opportunity for an up and coming individual to polish his skills and talents. Apart from this, I took part in many voluntary measures carried out on an on and off basis at rescue work in earthquake areas and the rehabilitation for the same. My hobbies include reading marketing and advertising magazines and listening to what the top golfers have to say concerning the most serene of sports – golf. Moreover, I am a very good speaker and I try my ideas to the extremes in different declamation contests which are held every now and so often. I believe my motivation derives from within where there is an attachment with my likes which are in the field of marketing and advertising and how a single idea can be a powerful device of a mighty successful execution, only if all the deliverables are put in the right place from the onset. I believe there could be a vacancy for an Idea Generation Specialist at your esteemed organization that can bring out new and fresh

Friday, August 23, 2019

Organisational Transactions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organisational Transactions - Essay Example Similarly, to improve management in an organization, natural approach is admitted and a perception of exchange is laid which begins like: The process of give and take is known as Law of Reciprocity or exchange of currencies with an expectation to get the reward back. â€Å"Currencies† can also be referred as â€Å"favors† that one does for colleagues, managers or clients. An exchange of currencies could be in any gesture like a note of appreciation, praise in a meeting, raise in a salary, paid holidays etc (Brian Tracy, 2002). It all depends upon the relationship one has with his/her colleagues, managers or high officials and the number of currencies used among employees. This process nourishes when one develops strong alliances and build positive relationship with his team members and supports the idea that reciprocity is the fundamental principle of organizational transactions and should be done with the balance of equal returns. However, exchange of currencies is alw ays not possible but this is where the mutual understanding and compatibility differs. It mostly happens at higher level where approach of targeting objectives is unparallel among two senior officials and thus results in inconvertible currencies (Cohen, Bradford, 1989). FAILURE IN ORGANIZATIONAL TRANSACTIONS: (Cohen, Bradford, 1989), it is very important to deal the organizational transactions responsibly because it fails if the three factors are not dealt appropriately: Underestimation of potential allies: This explains that an influencer should never underestimate an employee but to weight them all as a potential allies. Understanding the ally’s world: An influencer should know what his allies want in return and how they want. Self awareness of an influencer: It is very important for an influencer to target the objectives instead of getting disoriented with what is to be achieved. PERSONAL PERSPECTIVE: To create a Leaderful Organization, thought process and approach have to be diversified to be benefited with this new theory. Personally, if I and my CEO share a same interest then there is nothing wrong in arranging a game with him as mentioned, he is also a good squash player. It could be very overwhelming and different if a boss himself invites to play a game. And a situation can completely differ if a junior tries to influence a boss by inviting him for a game. There could be two different outcomes: positive and negative but consequences cannot be predicted until the outcome of the match is visible. Though, if the intention is just to invite him with open hearts, not for the sake of showing him down or proving himself but to have a healthy interaction besides official matters. This kind of exchange predicts Personal Related Currencies, in which one uplifts or upholds self esteem, values and identity and both share the task which increases their skills and expertise. And the best part is the gratitude they show to each other. It is important to know and understand before arranging that what approach is suitable for a potential ally, an offer for a game first or a solution to a problem in an office first. Once the match is programmed and the boss is ready to face it positively, employee would try his hard to prove himself and boss himself would put his complete efforts to win the match. There is a possibility that if a boss loses, he

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Aging and Disability Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Aging and Disability Worksheet Essay Part I Identify 2 or 3 issues faced by the aging population. 1.Employment discrimination 2. Poverty 3. Inadequate care Answer the following questions in 100 to 200 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. †¢What is ageism? How does ageism influence the presence of diversity in society? According to Schaefer (2012), ageism is a term which refers to prejudice and discrimination against the elderly. â€Å"Ageism reflects a deep uneasiness among young and middle-aged people about growing old† (Schaefer, 2012, p. 395). Our society looks to youthfulness as successfulness; therefore, the elderly threaten those who want to be young and successful; thus influencing diversity in society. The elderly are seen as unessential, unneeded, and a constant reminder we one day will be old as well. So we shy away from associating with the elderly; so we do not have a constant reminder of our own ageing and immortality. Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. †¢What is the Age Discriminitation in Employment Act (ADEA)? How does the ADEA address issues for the aging population? â€Å"The federal Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) which went into effect in 1968, was passed to protect workers 40 years of age or older from being fired because of their age and replaced with younger workers who  presumably would receive lower salaries† (Schaefer, 2012, p. 396). The ADEA provides a resource when there are suspicions of age discrimination in the workplace when it comes to hiring or not promoting or training ageing workers. Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. †¢What is being done to address the issues you identified? Many companies have been taken to court and charged with violating the ADEA. â€Å"According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, between 1999 and 2004, complaints of age discrimination rose more than 41 percent† (Schaefer, 2012, p. 396). Some studies suggest older workers are more of an asset to their employers, are absent less often and are more effective salespeople than their younger co-workers; therefore, diminishing the stereotype of the older employee is a less valuable employee. Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. †¢Is the number of aging population expected to rise in numbers or decrease? The aging population is expected to increase significantly will into the twenty-first century. With the decline in mortality rates and the baby boomer generation aging the â€Å"proportion over age 65 increases from less than on in 10 in 1960 to almost one in four by 2050† (Schaefer, 2012, p. 395) Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. †¢What types of legislation may or may not be affected by the aging population? The ADEA is one type of legislation which has affected the aging population;  ensuring they have recourse if discriminated against in the workplace. Today the Affordable Care Act will affect the aging population; however, to what extent is still uncertain at this time. Legislation which concerns pension provisions is another area which will directly affect the ageing population. Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. †¢How does poverty affect the aging population? â€Å"The aged who are most likely to experience poverty are the same people more likely to be poor earlier in their lives; female-headed households and racial and ethnic minorities. Although overall the aged are doing well economical, poverty remains a particularly difficult problem for the thousands of older adults who are impoverished annually by paying for long-term medical care† (Schaefer, 2012, p. 397). Will the Affordable Care Act ease the burden faced by the elderly who are impoverished by debilitating long-term diseases? Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Part II Answer the following questions in 100 to 200 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. †¢What does the ADA provide for people with disabilities? The ADA â€Å"prohibits bias in employment, transportation, public accommodations, and telecommunications against people with disabilities† (Schaefer, 2012, p. 401). The ADA is considered the most sweeping antidiscrimination legislation since the Civil Rights Act of 1964; thus, ensuring people with disabilities are no longer discriminated against. Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall †¢How have people with disabilities been treated in the past? People with disabilities have been discriminated against in the past, unable to easily use public transportation, unable to easily enter public buildings, and basically treated as second class citizens. The Americans with Disabilities Act was enacted to level the playing field so to speak. Making the once inaccessible areas or participating life activities easier for them to maneuver. Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall †¢How has the attitude toward people with disabilities changed over time? Attitudes towards people with disabilities have changes significantly over time. Those who were once shipped off to intuitions are now productive members of society. Many groups across the United States sprang up utilizing this demographic in meaningful employment positions. In my community we have a group who work with the disabled from collecting sensitive materials for shredding, managing thrift shops, to years ago sewing the scarfs Elvis Presley used while preforming. Today the opportunities for those with disabilities have come a long way; however, the fight is not over, there is still more work to be done to ensure equality for all. Reference: Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall †¢What are some unique circumstances or issues encountered by people with disabilities? There are numerous circumstances or issues encountered by people with disabilities daily. The sheer task of accomplishing anything seems  insurmountable. Those with physical disabilities must depend on the help of others to simply exist let alone pursue a meaningful life. Public transportation can be difficult; sidewalks were not always wheelchair friendly, handicapped parking was non-existent which makes it extremely difficult to live. What about the being looked at as abnormal, those with disabilities must endure tremendous amounts of awkward moments daily from those who are not disabled. †¢What is being done to address those issues? The ADA has brought awareness to the plight of those with both mental and physical disabilities by ensuring there is no discrimination against this group. However I believe awareness is another step to address the prejudice and discrimination against people with disabilities. We must be able to look past a person’s disabilities to see the true person they are, and not label them for their disability. †¢What types of legislation have been introduced to address issues faced by people with disabilities? The American’s with Disabilities Act is the most notable legislation address issues faced by people with disabilities. What type of legislation will the future hold? I believe the ADA has address all the concerns for this demographic; however, in the future there may be some revisions to the interpretation of the legislation ensuring everyone with disabilities is serviced fully.

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Concept of Natural Legal Personality in English Law

Concept of Natural Legal Personality in English Law Discuss the   drawing examples from your studies, bibliography. Natural law is the law that exists independently of the positive law of a given political order, society or nation state. As a genre, natural law is the law of nature that is the theory that some things are as they are because they are. The central theme of the theory us that there are natural rights that are given to every human being by God.[1] Legal personality has been defined to express the ability of self to remove himself from all particularities such as family, personal history, social and cultural background and to become abstract and indeterminate. Legal recognition is a type of recognition based on the minimum commonality of people and not on the differences and individual characteristics which make them unique individuals.[2] A legal person is a bearer of subjective right.[3] Legal personality can either be natural or juristic. Natural legal personality is therefore the legal status allocated to every human being by the mere fact of their existence by God. So, every body has Natural Legal Personality regardless of where they are from and under what political regime they live. Having said that, It is doubtful that this is highly relevant in England today. This essay focuses on the concept and illustrations of its applicability and limitations. The concept of natural legal personality is hardly ever mentioned these days. This is possibly because there are not many rights that are attributable to natural legal persons. Even in the realm of Public International Law where there are laws that are attributable to persons by the mere fact that they are human by way of human right provisions, enforceability for instance, is almost impossible in the absence of the state. In the realm of private law, where legal personality becomes more relevant, an individual’s autonomy exists only in a very restricted and figurative sense. A person cannot grant rights to himself because rights of one person necessary presupposes obligations on another and such a legal connection can only be made in conformity with an objective legal system by way of a consonant expression of will by the two parties. Even this legal connection only exists in so far as the contract is established by the objective law as a law-creating material fact. So, in private law, there is no complete autonomy.[4] The mere use of the word ‘legal’ seems to suggest the lack of such autonomy. Practical applications of the concept of Legal Personality exist. Sometimes, so-called natural ‘legal’ are restricted in their exercise of rights that have been attributed to others. In the realm of contract, the general rule in English Law is that anyone may enter into legally binding contracts if they want to. However, a restriction exists to the effect that minors as defined under the Family Law Reform Act 1969 and people that are mentally incompetent are incapable of entering into binding contracts except for the supply of necessaries.[5] In the case of Moulton v. Camroux[6], It was held that unsoundness of mind constituted an adequate defence in a case for the enforcement of a contract. Also under the realm of Contract Law, non natural persons are attributed rights that would normally only be attributed to natural persons. In the realm of criminal law, some categories of people may have their culpability reduced by virtue of their age or soundness of mind. A proved plea of insanity would mean that someone that has committed a crime is not punished in the same way other legal persons.[7] In the case of R v Sullivan[8], on a charge for causing grievous bodily harm, on appeal to the House of Lords, It was held that the trial court’s ruling of ‘not guilty by reason of insanity’ was appropriate. The same applies if the person is underage. He or she is not punished the same way a fully grown adult would be. In the realm of company law, legal personality has been attributed to non natural persons. They are attributed with corporate personality. Such persons are known as juristic or artificial persons as opposed to natural persons. For legal purposes, they have the same rights and obligations as natural persons. They are capable of suing and being sued as an entity quite apart from the members. The implications of this personality were fully determined in the case of Salomon v Salomon[9]. In that case, It was held inter alia that at law, a company is a different entity from the subscribers to its memorandum of association. The members of a company are therefore not personally liable for its debts s that unless there are contrary provisions, the members are completely free form liability.[10] The above discussion seems to suggest that the concept of natural legal personality, if it actually exists, is not really relevant in English Law. The mere use of the word ‘legal’ would suggest the existence of a state or other body. There is also the problem of how the natural rights are determined since a right for one person necessary constitutes an obligation for another. This suggests the necessary existence of some sort of agreement by the two parties which in turn, needs to be governed by certain rules. In terms of practical application, most laws prescribe their own definitions of ‘legal persons’ and the limitations to this personality. The concept of natural legal personality does not exist in English Law and even if it did, It would merely be normative in nature and effect. Bibliography Davies, P. â€Å"Gower’s Principles of Modern Company Law† (1998) London: Sweet and Mawell. Douzinas, C. and Gearey, A. â€Å"Critical Juriisprudence: The Political Philosophy of Justice† (2005) Oxford: Hart Publishing. Kelsen, H. â€Å"Introduction to the Problames of Legal Theory† (2002) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Neuhouser, F. (Eds) â€Å"Foundations of Natural Right† (2000) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Statute Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964 Sale of Goods Act 1979 Cases Moulton v. Camroux 2 Ex 487 R v Sullivan [1983] 2 All ER 673 Salomon v Salomon [1897] A.C. 22 H.L. Web Resources The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/p/Natural+law> [1] The Free Dictionary http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/p/Natural+law> [2] Douzinas, C. and Gearey, A. â€Å"Critical Juriisprudence: The Political Philosophy of Justice† (2005) Oxford: Hart Publishing. Page 182 [3] Kelsen, H. â€Å"Introduction to the Problames of Legal Theory† (2002) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Page 39 [4] Kelsen, H. â€Å"Introduction to the Problames of Legal Theory† (2002) Oxford: Oxford University Press. Page 40. [5] Section 3 Sale of Goods Act 1979 [6] 2 Ex 487 [7] Under Sections 2(1) and 5 (1) of the Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964 [8] [1983] 2 All ER 673 [9] [1897] A.C. 22 H.L. [10] Davies, P. â€Å"Gower’s Principles of Modern Company Law† (1998) London: Sweet and Mawell. Pages 77-78 and 80.

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

Institute Of Hotel Management Commerce Essay

Institute Of Hotel Management Commerce Essay Management is a set of activities that include planning and decision making, organization, direction and control, led to an organizations resources human, financial, physical and information in order to achieving organizational objectives efficiently and effectively Classical management school The classical school is the oldest formal school managing thought. Its roots predate the twentieth century. Classical School of thought generally concerns ways to control work and organizations to more efficiently. Three areas of study that can be grouped under the classical school are the scientific management the administrative management, and bureaucratic management. The classical school (management) has tried to define the essence of management in the form of universality of the fundamental functions. These, it was hoped, would be the basis of a set of cognitive skills relevant to be acquired by all aspiring managers through formal education. Address of the classical school thought is based on a belief that employees are only the physical and financial, and social needs and the need for work satisfaction, either do not exist or are not important. Therefore, this school advocates a high specialization of labor, centralized decision making and profit maximization. See also the behavior of the school management, contingency management, school governance quantitative and school management systems. Henri fayol theory henri Fayol (1841-1925) is generally considered the school founder of classical music management not because it was the first to investigate managerial behavior, but because it was the first to systematize. Fayol believed that practicing of sound management falls into certain patterns which can be identified and analyzed. From this basic idea, has developed a project manager for a coherent doctrine, one that retains much of its force today. With his faith in the scientific method, Fayol was like Taylor, his contemporary. While Taylor was basically concerned with the functions of organization, however Fayol was interested in the total focused on organizing and managing, which in his opinion had been the most neglected of the operations of the company. Exhibit 2-1 lists the 14 principles of management Fayol more often had to apply. Before Fayol, it was generally believed that managers are born, not made. Fayol stressed, however, the management was a skill like any other that can be taught once the basic principles are understood. Fayols Principles of management theory Division of labor: dividing labor in specialized tasks and allocation of responsibilities to specified persons. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Authority:-delegate authority with responsibility. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Discipline:-make clear expectations punish rape. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Control unit: each employee be assigned to only one supervisor. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Unit address: employees efforts should focus on achievement of organizational objectives. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Subordination of individual interest to general interest: the general interest should prevail. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Centralization:-identify the relative importance of the functions superiors and subordinates. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Compensation: systematically reward efforts to support the organizational management. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Scalar Chain:-maintain communications within the chain of command. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Order: order jobs and material support for the management of the organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Equity fair discipline and order improving employee engagement. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Stability and retention of staff: promote employee loyalty and longevity. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Initiative: encourage employee who act on his own in support of the leadership of the organization. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Esprit de corps:-to promote unity and interest management. Scientific management Frederick Taylor introduced a second approach management The scientific approach advocated the application of scientific methods to analyze and determine which work to complete production tasks efficiently. Taylor presented four principles of scientific management: Management should develop a precise scientific approach for each element of an individuals work to replace the general guidelines Scientific management to select, train, teach and develop each worker to the person entitled to the right job Management should cooperate with workers to ensure that the work plans and the principles of the party Management should ensure a fair division of labor and responsibility between managers and workers Contributions Factory productivity and efficiency Introduced scientific analysis for the workplace Piecework system equates rewards and worker performance Increased cooperation between management and workers Limitations Simplistic assumptions motivational Workers viewed as parts of a machine Potential for labor exploitation Excludes senior management tasks Ignored relationship between the organization and its Management Frank Gilbreth and Lillian Gilbreth were the successors of taylor studied how the work environment influences the performance of the employees. They made a strong contribution in time and motion study. They showed that by following arrangements can organizations effectively solve their problems. Divide each job action into its components. Finding better ways to make the action. Reorganizing Each job action to be more efficient Administrative management theory The researchers tried to discover how to create an organization structure that leads to high efficiency and bureaucracy effectiveness.Theory was developed by Max Weber as a succession of such investigations. Bureaucracy is basically a formal system of organization and administration designed to effectiveness.There were in theory ensure efficiency and different principles An explicit and comprehensive administrative management emerged in 1916, whenHenri Fayol he published a book summarizing his experiences of management. He identifiedfive functions and 14 principles of management. The five functions are very similar to the functions management and thefour are as under 1.Planning, 2.Organizing, 3.Commanding, 4.Coordination, 5.Controlling Contributions Management seen as a profession that can be trained and developed He emphasized the general aspects of the policies of senior management It offers universal management prescriptions Bureaucracy management The term bureaucracy was created from the French word for the desk at the office or in the office, and the Greek ÃŽÂ ºÃƒ Ã‚ ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ kratoswhich means rule or political power. Bureaucracy is basically a formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness. Weberian bureaucracy has its origins in the works of Max Weber (1864-1920), a German sociologist, political economist, academic and administrative staff who contributed the study of bureaucracy and the speech and the literature during the 1800 and 1900 years. Webers ideal bureaucracy is characterized by hierarchical organization, outlined lines of authority in a fixed area of activity, actions taken on the basis of recorded and written rules, bureaucratic officials need expert training, rules are applied by neutral officials, career advancement depends on technical qualifications judged by the organization, not individuals. Bureaucracy Approach Key concept Red structured and formal relationships between specialist positions in an organization The rules and regulations of conduct standardized Jobs has trained specialists who follow the rules Hierarchy defines the relationship between jobs Contributions Promotes the efficient performance of the routine activities of the organization Eliminates the subjective judgment of the employees and managers Emphasizes positions rather than the person Limitation Difficult to dismantle once established Rules may become end in themselves. Ignores the importance of people and interpersonal relationship. What is human relation? human relationship a relation between people human relationship relationship between people (relationship is often used in relation would serve, as in `the relationship between inflation and unemployment , but the preferred use of relationship is for human kindship or states), the relationship between mothers and their children relationship Principles of Human Relations Approach The basic principles of human relations approach are :- The human beings not only interested in financial gain. They also they need recognition and appreciation. Employees are human beings. Therefore, it should be treated as human beings and not machines. Managers should try and understand the feelings and emotions of employees. An organization working not only through official relations, but also through informal contacts. Therefore, managers should foster informal relationships in the organization, along with formal relations. Workers need a high level of job security and satisfaction at work. Therefore, management should provide employment security and job satisfaction of workers. Workers want a good communication among managers. Therefore, managers must to effectively communicate without feelings of ego and of superiority complex. In any organization, the members do not like conflicts and misunderstandings. Therefore, managers should try to stop conflicts and misunderstandings among members of the organization. Qantative or mangement science approach Quantitative Management Operations Management Management Information Systems and Management Science in the theory of Total Quality Management Management Quantitative emphasis is on how arithmetic can be manipulated for achieve best practises in inventory and financial management of capital has a set control. Operations of techniques which can be used to improve quality management production efficiency Total art is focused on the manner in which the assembly can manage information systems achieve excellence. Management managers provide adequate events of information and external about internal one Theory This organization environment making. Organizational effective decisions is the group of operating conditions and forces externally of the organization, but affect a manager capacity to acquire and utilize resources. This would clearly emphasizes the importance of studying theory ambiente.Is to half of open systems and contingency theory developed in 1960 proves the importance of cons idering the middle View This ambiente. system is a system where external resources are acquire and they become services then goods and sent back to customers for the purchase. as an open system. Organizations that use a closed system are prone to entropy, of tendency of a system to lose its ability to monitor and thus to break and describes Theory It collapse.Contigency no better how to organize therefore characteristics the ability in an organization to obtain resources.Types environment affect of structures Above discusses the differences between the structures. In conclusion, a Mechanistic structure managers can obtain inputs to a lower cost of preference in a stable and inorganic environmental managers can react more quickly in a fast changing contribution environment.These constructing your own base of modern management theories SYSTEM THEORY Systems theory is the disciplinary study of systems in general, with the goal of clarifying the principles which can be applied to all types of systems at all levels of nesting in all fields of research.The term not have an well established, precise meaning, but systems theory reasonably be regarded as as a specialization of systems thinking, generalization of systems science, a systems approach. The term comes from general systems theory Bertalanffy (GST) and used in later efforts in other fields, such as the theory of action of Talcott Parsons and the social systems theory of Niklas Luhmann. In this the word systems is used to refer specifically at self-regulating systems, ie, self-correction through feedback. Self-regulatory systems found in nature, including physiological systems of the body, in local and global ecosystems, and climate and human learning processes PART B:- DIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT THEORY Planning planning is most fundamental. All other functions arising from the planning. However, planning does not always get the attention it merits, and when it does, lot of managers find that the process of planning is not as easy as they thought it would be or even the best laid plans can go wrong. In short, planning is gearing up for tomorrow, today. The activity that allows managers determine they want and how they will achieve. planning does not only provide direction and unity , but also gives answer to these six basic question:- What needs to be achieved? When is the last date to finish? Where will this be done? Who will be the incharge of it? How will it be done? What all is required to complete this goal? Importance of planning It reduces the risk of unstabability,wastage of time It helps in decision making It enhances standards for controlling It enhances innovative ideas Organizing People working together in groups to achieve or accomplish some goal which must have roles to play, like manger organizing a party or 1000 people. The role implies that what people do has a definite purpose or objective; the manager know where what staff will fit to accomplish the task or to achieve the goal. For example: one or two where given the job to collect fire wood, some the arrangement of tables n chairs, some to set the ambience, and other the job of cooking. The organizing is the part of managing which involves establishing an intentional structural of roles for people to fill in a organization. It is the intentional sense of makin sure that all the tasks that are necessary to be done are assigned and assigned to those who will give their best Importance of organizing This process consist of following six steps : Establishing given projects. Supporting objectives, plans Identifying, analysing, and classifying the activites that will help in accomplish the goal. Using the man power that you have at your best to achieve the task. Remain connected to the other staff working in different sections to know the progress. Assigning one head of each department. Leading Leading is to influence people so that each one contributes to achieve the goal. All managers agree their problem starts from people their desires and attitude as well as their behaviour as individuals. Leadership traits Some of the features that regularly appear in leaders are ambition, energy, desire, drive, confidence and intelligence. Although some features are useful, these attributes do not offer guarantees a person in possession of them is an efficient leader. Underlying the trait approach is the assumption that some people are natural leaders and are endowed with certain characteristics that have no other individuals. This research compared successful and unsuccessful leaders to see how they differ in their physical characteristics, personality and ability. Drive. Leaders are ambitious and take initiative. Motivation. Leaders want to lead and are willing to take charge. Honesty and integrity. Leaders are truthful and do what they say they will do. Self-confidence. Leaders are assertive and decisive and enjoy taking risks. They admit mistakes and foster trust and commitment to a vision. Leaders are emotionally stable rather than recklessly adventurous. Cognitive ability. Leaders are intelligent, perceptive, and conceptually skilled, but are not necessarily geniuses. They show analytical ability, good judgment, and the capacity to think strategically. Business knowledge. Leaders tend to have technical expertise in their businesses. Controlling

Monday, August 19, 2019

Technology and Art :: essays research papers

Does size matter? In the world of technology, it all depends on the consumer. The first generations of televisions were designed in a very simple form. Most were square, made of wood, and had a round dial to change channels. Nowadays, we have many different shapes and functions for televisions. Culture and technology have had a large impact on the development of the design and features of the modern television. The design of the television has drastically changed over time. For example, the 1948 Fada model was large in volume and it had a convex and oval shaped screen. It had four knobs used to tune and change channels. The structure was made of wood and it included a fairly large speaker underneath the twelve inch screen. The television only had access to thirteen channels. The dial simply shows that the culture did not have access to many channels. Past televisions were simple because the lifestyle was simple. People did not need hundreds of channels and massive screens to be satisfied. Modern televisions now come in various sizes and have features to accommodate the consumers. For example, the Philips-Magnavox 50FD9955 is thin and has a fifty inch (diagonal) rectangular flat screen. This television can be placed almost anywhere imaginable. It can be hung on a wall or even on the ceiling. The large size of this television represents modern society’s need for bigger and better things. It has an on/off button, two channel buttons, two volume buttons, and other various buttons for adjusting the color. The channel buttons on the modern television represent the unlimited number of channels. The structure is made of metal and plastic and it includes a speaker on each side. The plastic body is easier to mold, cheaper to produce, and easier customize the color. The television comes with standard audio/video jacks, cable jacks, and an S-Video jack to accommodate VCRs, DVD players, camcorders, and other accessories. These additional features did not just appear overnig ht, they developed with society to satisfy their needs. Television is designed around its culture. In the past, watching television was a way for families to be together. Everyone gathered around the television and watched the same show. Families did not have the luxuries of owning more than one television and having hundreds of channels. Today, almost every room in the house has a television. People in different rooms are now able to watch their own shows.

Katherine Anne Porters The Jilting of Granny Weatherall :: The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

Katherine Anne Porter's The Jilting of Granny Weatherall "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall" was written by Katherine Anne Porter and first published in 1930. The story is of a women named Granny Weatherall who is on her deathbed. As she is surrounded by friends and family she remembers the life she has lived. She describes being jilted many times in her life, first by her husband-to-be and finally by death. The story was eventually made into a movie directed by Randa Haines. A major theme in the story is that of self-pity. As a result of Granny's wedding day jilting she feels sorry for herself throughout the rest of her life. She also has become suspicious of everyone. This is shown when the doctor is speaking to Cornelia in the beginning of the story, outside of Granny's room. Granny exclaims, "First off go away and don't whisper!" Granny was apparently under the impression that the two of them were speaking ill of her behind her back. Another common theme in many of Katherine Anne Porter's stories, including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall", is that of death. Porter was captivated by death and dreamed of having a custom made wooden coffin after she saw a photograph taken at the funeral of one of her friends. After Porter and her nephew searched New York City; Katherine found an ad for a coffin maker in Montana and placed her order. The coffin arrived but was obviously too large for her and the large colorful flowers were not at all what she expected but regardless Katherine had her wooden coffin. Even after receiving her coffin she and her nephew discussed arrangements on several occasions. First she wanted to be buried in the wooden coffin wrapped in a linen bed sheet. Later she decided that she wanted to be cremated and have her ashes scattered in running water. Then she wanted her ashes buried next to her mother and by this time it seemed that the coffin was just a prop to amuse friends and reporters. These o bsessions with her own death may be the reason why many of her writings have themes of death including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall". The main character Granny Weatherall is forced to evaluate how she feels about what her life has been as she lives her last day. Granny Weatherall seems to thrive on disillusionment and despair. Katherine Anne Porter's The Jilting of Granny Weatherall :: The Jilting of Granny Weatherall Katherine Anne Porter's The Jilting of Granny Weatherall "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall" was written by Katherine Anne Porter and first published in 1930. The story is of a women named Granny Weatherall who is on her deathbed. As she is surrounded by friends and family she remembers the life she has lived. She describes being jilted many times in her life, first by her husband-to-be and finally by death. The story was eventually made into a movie directed by Randa Haines. A major theme in the story is that of self-pity. As a result of Granny's wedding day jilting she feels sorry for herself throughout the rest of her life. She also has become suspicious of everyone. This is shown when the doctor is speaking to Cornelia in the beginning of the story, outside of Granny's room. Granny exclaims, "First off go away and don't whisper!" Granny was apparently under the impression that the two of them were speaking ill of her behind her back. Another common theme in many of Katherine Anne Porter's stories, including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall", is that of death. Porter was captivated by death and dreamed of having a custom made wooden coffin after she saw a photograph taken at the funeral of one of her friends. After Porter and her nephew searched New York City; Katherine found an ad for a coffin maker in Montana and placed her order. The coffin arrived but was obviously too large for her and the large colorful flowers were not at all what she expected but regardless Katherine had her wooden coffin. Even after receiving her coffin she and her nephew discussed arrangements on several occasions. First she wanted to be buried in the wooden coffin wrapped in a linen bed sheet. Later she decided that she wanted to be cremated and have her ashes scattered in running water. Then she wanted her ashes buried next to her mother and by this time it seemed that the coffin was just a prop to amuse friends and reporters. These o bsessions with her own death may be the reason why many of her writings have themes of death including "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall". The main character Granny Weatherall is forced to evaluate how she feels about what her life has been as she lives her last day. Granny Weatherall seems to thrive on disillusionment and despair.

Sunday, August 18, 2019

Observation Essay - The Barbershop -- Observation Essay, Descriptive Es

Observation Essay - The Barbershop Immediately I recognized that things were different, as I struggled to find a parking spot in the tiny lot hidden just off of the highway. The barbershop is located in an area too small to be considered a strip mall-and apparently too small to handle all of its customers' vehicles. It is the third in a row of three shops, although the first, a former ice cream/water ice business, was for rent. I knew that all of the drivers of the automobiles in the lot were in the barbershop, as the repair shop next to it does not open until 9 A.M. Apparently all Saturday mornings here begin with such a full parking lot. Once I found a parking spot, I was ready to begin my observation of the U.S. Male Men's Hair Care Center. I walked into U.S. Male tentatively, looking for a corner seat. Air coming through the open door chilled the shop's interior, which was teeming with customers just fifteen minutes after the shop had opened. The stares from those already seated in the shop's green plastic chairs along the right wall, as well as from those getting haircuts in the four leather chairs to my left, pierced me as I wandered over to one of the vacant seats. There were only two available, so I was stuck between a chair seating Outdoor magazine and another holding a man in his forties who was reading The News Journal and sipping a rapidly cooling cup of coffee. There were ten customers in all, and they all seemed ready for a wait as many came prepared with equipment similar to that brought by the gentleman on my left. I was surprised by the lack of conversation amid the fairly large crowd, although I attributed this to it being too early in the morning to engage in any sort of meaningful conversation. Two... ...nted near the high left corner of the entrance to the shop. On the spinning blue band in white letters was written "Hairstylist," rather than what I thought was the more appropriate title, "Barber," since schools that train hairstylists are different from the schools that train barbers. I also noticed signs on the outside of the building, as well as on the billboard near the highway, which emphasized "Fast-Service" and "Fast Walk-in Service." These signs also showed subtle indications of the maleness of this shop. The "L" in the word "Male" on the billboard facing the highway had the barber pole drawn into it to stress that "U.S. Male Men's Hair Care Center," as it is advertised in the phone book, was in fact a barbershop. I smirked when I noticed this, and I surmised that this was done to prove to men that this was not a salon. Salons are for women, of course.

Saturday, August 17, 2019

Principles of Decision Making Essay

â€Å"Our economy is the result of millions of decisions we all make every day about producing, earning, saving, investing, and spending† by Dwight Eisenhower (UBR, Inc. , 2007). What are the principles behind an individual’s decision making? According to Mankiw, the four principles of individual decision making are as follows: â€Å"people face trade-offs, the cost of something is what you give up to get it, rational people think at the margin, and people respond to incentives. † People face trade-offs by having to give up something to get what they want or need. This is no surprise for most people who learn early in life that few things are free. A trade off is when you put more into one and less in the other. As an example of a trade-off, many times college students give up spending time with their families and friends in order to do homework and accomplish their long-term goal of earning a degree. Because of â€Å"trade-offs, making decisions require comparing the costs and benefits of alternative courses of action† (Mankiw, 2007, p. 6). The cost of something is what you give up to get it. This clearly emphasizes that there are always costs to every decision that we make. These are what we called opportunity costs. An opportunity cost is what we have to give up to gain something else. It does not always have to be about financial matters but also situational issues. If individuals make the decision to return to school, they not only have a cost of monetary impact on life but also a cost of time because they have chosen to study over their alternatives of working or socializing. Rational people think at margin. A rational decision maker â€Å"takes an action if and only if the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost† (Mankiw, 2007, p. ). Economic decision makers act in a rational manner. This means that decision makers prioritize the end results of their actions. They decide based on their wants and needs. â€Å"Rational people systematically are purposefully do the best they can to achieve their objectives, given the opportunities they have† (Mankiw, 2007). According to Mankiw, marginal changes are just slight adjustments to what is already being done by comparing the marginal cost and marginal benefit of something. This could be an individual going to the store to buy sugar. If the store has two brands of the same size that are of different prices, a person will buy the least expensive because there is no benefit to purchasing the more expensive sugar. Also, if a person desired to achieve higher grades, it is most likely that he would spend longer hours studying and reviewing his/her course. Also, if there were two competing companies, one offering a large compensation with benefits, the other lacking resources to render incentives, it is assumed that the applicant would prioritize the more productive company. In deciding what is profitable in any economic situation, a decision maker has to assess the costs and benefits of any specific course of action. An example of a decision comparing the marginal benefit and the marginal cost associated with that decision occurs when purchasing a marked-up, last minute cruise line ticket for a very important business transaction. The other alternatives are to either drive a car, ride on a plane or wait seven days to pay a much lower fee. The marginal benefits of less travel time, increased comfort and being able to meet the deadline on time all outweighed the marginal cost of the increased fee. The decision made was based on personal incentives and satisfaction. Of course, if the cruise line ticket fee had been higher than traveling by car, I would have chosen driving to have more vacation time and be able to reduce cost. Truly, marginal benefit and marginal cost help in making financial decisions. Our personal budgeting skills will improve as we measure the costs of a financial decision. We will also consider the affordability of the products and services. The principles of economics affect decision making, interaction, and the workings of the economy as a whole because all people make decisions based on what they want and is best for them personally. For instance, the marginal costs and benefits are a vital part of economics because they help provide the relevant measurement of costs and benefits at a specific level of production and consumption. Even if we do not realize it, we all make decisions based on our marginal evaluations of the alternatives. Like in buying a car, we consider not only affordability but also convenience. Economics plays a very significant role in many different aspects of people’s lives. Every decision people make from how much they work, spend, save, and invest plays a role on their economy. Economics is something people use in a daily basis without even realizing it. Applying the said principles in decision making will allow us to plan and organize our goals in a rational and distinct manner. Knowing the cost of doing something will bring us awareness and make us more cautious as we implement our plans. It enables us to identify the trials and hardships that we have to face before reaching our goals. Exploring more about trade-offs brings us to the reality that in every aspect of our life, we have to consider giving up something before achieving what we really want. For example, big or small businesses have to consider the trade-offs in order to gain higher profitability. That is why some companies decrease manpower to reduce cost. On the other hand, doing this means depriving many workers the opportunity to earn for their families. The principles of economic decision making widens our perspective and guides us in implementing productive ideas.

Friday, August 16, 2019

Eng Comparing and Contrasting Literary Forms Essay

Poetry, drama and short story are literary forms that provide readers with entertainment, insight, pleasure, escape and sometimes information. Readers can find satisfaction in any of the three genres because the styles, variations, language and themes cater to everyone’s preference: tragedy, comedy, profanity or just for pleasure. There is a piece of literary work to suit every taste. Poetry, when performed live, gives the words rhythm, music and life. John Updike in his poem Dog’s Death in lines one to sixteen, the rhythm and pattern are not as distinct as in lines seventeen to twenty; where the beats are strong and there is a certain level of intensity leading up to the finale†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Good Dog.† â€Å"Back home, we found that in the night her frame, Drawing near to dissolution, had endured the shame Of diarrhea and had dragged across the floor To a newspaper carelessly left there. Good dog.† (Clugston, 2010) Usually one performer presents a poem to t he audience whereas in drama there are many actors, stage settings and music that combine to create a complete stage production. Drama is written for theatre production. Actors impersonate the characters by reciting the words that are written in the play. For example, Maurya the main character in the play Riders to the Sea, says the closing words to her son before he left home: â€Å"You’d do right to leave that rope, Bartley, hanging by the boards†¦for it’s a deep grave we’ll make him by the grace of God.† The actors must also follow the author’s directions. She kneels down and the curtain falls slowly. (Clugston, 2010) Drama and play are written for specific purposes. The poem, when it is performed, is similar to an actor doing a soliloquy in a play. For example Macbeth’s speech: â€Å"I have lived long enough: my way of life Is fall’n into the sere, the yellow; And that which should accompany old age, As honor, love, obedience, troops of friends, I must not look to have; but, in their stead, Curses, not loud but deep, mouth-honor, breath Which the poor heart would fain deny, and dare not.† (Clugston, 2010) This speech is poetry within a play unlike the short story. The author of a short story on the other hand, depends on imagery, symbolism, similes and other literary devices to awaken the reader’s imagination, create the big picture and to pull him/her into that place. Unlike poetry and drama, the short story is not written for performance but for the reader’s pleasure and escape. The plot, setting, theme, point of view, characters, style, the actual story line and the ending of a short story all combine to give the reader a slice of the experience of the specified era. Alice Walker in the â€Å" Welcome Table,† paints a picture of racial segregation in the church in the state of Georgia. She wrote about a black old woman who entered a whites-only church. â€Å"The reverend of the church stopped her pleasantly as she stepped into the vestibule†¦..†Aunty, you know this is not your church?†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Inside the church she sat on the very first bench from the back.† (Clugston, 2010) This picture is of the old woman/main character sitting at the back of the church and the reverend reminding her that she is in the wrong place. In other words she is out of place. Short stories appeal more to the reader’s imagination and senses and are not usually performed unless they are adapted for stage. Reference Clugston, W. R., (2010). Journey Into Literature, San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education Inc.

Thursday, August 15, 2019

Change Management †the One Right Way Essay

However the offer is often illusory, for particular change approaches usually apply to particular situations, and simple solutions sometimes ignore the complexities of real life. (Stace and Dunphy, 2001, p 5) To utilise a single change approach is to assume that all organisations, all situations and all internal and external variables and influences remain constant. It applies the same logic to all changes without consideration of the many and varied influencing factors. I generally agree with the statement presented by Stace and Dunphy but am interested in the reasons underlying the requirement for simple, easy and fast change interventions. Are managers and change agents lazy and only looking for simple solutions? Does management consider change unimportant? Do management really believe that a single solution is going to work in every case? What is behind this trend? Bold (2011) suggests that change itself is becoming the only constant or ‘business as usual’ in the modern business environment. With technological advancements over the past 10 years, organisation now have the ability to access, collect and process enormous amounts of business data very quickly. This has provided management with the ability to understand the current health of their organisational processes and track against set goals and targets quickly and accurately. Previously, managers may have waited for end of month or end of quarter reporting from all business units to be collated and presented to gain an accurate understanding of the current business position and gauge the results from previous decisions made. Now, when a manager wants to make a change, they want it implemented as soon as possible so they can assess the impact of the change. Due to the high amount of change occurring in modern organisations and management’s requirement for immediate solutions, I believe that pressure is placed onto the change agents to provide solutions, often without the resources or time to perform adequate analysis to plan and implement the best change approach. As Bold (2011) suggested, change is becoming ‘business as usual’ and management may expect change managers to be able to develop a change process (i. e. the one right way), in the way that other parts of the organisation develops other repeatable ‘business as usual’ processes. Corporate competencies for change management constitute the critical capacity that is needed to create a learning organisation which is flexible, dynamic and adaptable in a rapidly changing and volatile environment. (Turner and Crawford 1998) As recent as the 1990’s, research was being undertaken by Romanelli & Tushman (1994) that proposed an alternate viewpoint. Their punctuated equilibrium paradigm argues that relatively long periods of stability (equilibrium) are punctuated by short periods of more radical, revolutionary change. I believe that most organisational change researchers would now agree that this is no longer the case and further progression into the information age has meant that very few industries operate within a long term, stable business operating environment. Although many different change models and approaches have been developed by academics, consultants and practitioners, none has yet to be accepted as a standard that can be used for all change interventions. Bold (2011) argues that there is no right or wrong theory for change management. It is not an exact science. However, through the ongoing research and studies by the industry’s leading experts, a clearer picture of what it takes to lead a change effort effectively will continue to emerge. Andriopoulos & Dawson (2009) agree that in the case of organisational change, there remains considerable debate over the speed, direction and effects of change and on the most appropriate methods and concepts for understanding and explaining change. Kanter, Stein & Jick (1992) found that it would be very difficult for a single solution or approach to meet all the types of changes required and to take into account all of the required aspects as organisations are fluid entities. In an attempt to provide a more broad solution, Stace & Dunphy (2001) proposed a situational approach or framework for change. They argued that there is no single path to successful change implementation that holds true in all situations. This framework however has been criticised by Andriopoulos & Dawson (2009) for neglecting the role of organisational politics and the internal power relationships within organisations as shapers of the organisational change process. Pettigrew (1985) presented a holistic, contextual analysis approach providing a multi-level approach to encapsulate the complexities of change management. Pettigrew argued that strategic change is a continuous process with no clear beginning or end point. However, Buchanan and Boddy (1992) argued that the richness and complexity of the multi-level analysis presented by Pettigrew, while comprehensive, it did little to simplify or clarify the processes of change and thereby rendered the research as largely impenetrable for the organisational practitioner. Change within an organisation is ongoing and involves many variables which are covered by different change models, processes and frameworks. Variables include the type of industry, the geographical location, the organisations size, the style of management leadership, the capability of the people involved, the organisational culture, the local and global economic environment, timing in regard to other events, the organisational structure and many more. This list is not meant to be exhaustive, but demonstrates the length and breadth of variables to be taken into account when assessing and managing change. Senior (2002) argues that the trigger for internal change is often in response to external influences which then links the internal and external drivers for change. Often, the change strategy or mechanism used by an organisation is chosen by the change manager and may not necessarily meet the needs of the organisation. This can lead to the change manager selecting an approach that may have worked before, that they feel comfortable with, or that suits their personality. This may not be however, what the organisation really requires. For example, a change manager may have had previous success utilising a consultative and collaborative approach which would take time to fully consult with all impacted parties while the organisation may actually require a fast, dictatorial type approach due to it losing market share which is putting the very existence of the organisation at risk. Kanter (1983) notes that managers sometimes make strategic choices based on their own area of competence and career payoff. A model of change strategies that seeks to develop our understanding of change processes is unfortunately restricted if it excludes considerations of anything other than management as some sort of ‘black box’ wherein environmental fit is sought. Stace and Dunphy argue that change managers need to develop a varied behaviour repertoire rather than remain fixed on a particular approach to change. They argue the compelling need for in our modern economies to create and build more dynamic and innovative corporations which can compete successfully in global terms. – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – â€⠀œ – – – – – – – – – – – – – Remember that change involves people, is instigated by people and controlled by people. There are many internal and external influences and forces that affect change but the interests of the change agents themselves and their political interests must also be considered. You cannot expect a change manager to ignore their own self-interest when making rational decisions. (Dunford 1990) Stace and Dunphy argue that the critical requirement for longer term viability and success in the corporation of the future is the ongoing development of what is increasingly being referred to as organisational capabilities or corporate competencies. These are capabilities for the flexible initiation of new strategies and environmental responsiveness that reside in the corporation itself rather than only in the capabilities and skills of the individual members. This will allow organisations to respond quicker to changes and effectively make change management part of the organisational culture. Change would then be regarded as ‘business as usual’. Many of the change approach methods, tools and techniques proposed by researchers and practitioners have overlapping ideas and cover a lot of the same ground. Rather than working independently towards defining improvements to existing ideas or new ideas, it may be more beneficial to take a collaborative approach and create an international standard for change or a recognised body of shared knowledge that could be used as a guide for organisational change.

Wednesday, August 14, 2019

Trader Joe’s

Economical, technological, demographics, economical, political, and socio-cultural trends taken into consideration by Trader Joe's and help lead to their continuing success. When it comes to economic factor, Trader Joe's has performed well in all economic conditions. The company performs well in a weak economy because they offer low prices. In strong economy the company offers unique products which help them perform well. Consumers are very price conscious, the are always looking for reasonable deals with healthier food. Trader Joe's carry quality products at reasonable prices which is rare. It has been seen that during economic downturn, people tend to shop more at grocery stores. When gas prices are high people have less disposable income but when gas prices are low they have more disposable income and are willing to try new items at grocery stores. Increase in income is resulting an increase in disbursal thus spending more on wide range of products which is helping Trader Joe's attract more customers. However, with the outstanding performances Trader Joe's adapted with the economic trends, they have shown slow progress in technological trends. The company is yet to adapt to new technologies trends. Trader Joe's does not utilize any social media platforms, applications, web based services, or loyalty programs. Since, self-checkout and advertising through mobile apps are getting more common the company has not taken these trends into considerations. Utilizing technological trends to advertise and connect with consumers may positively influence Trader Joe's. Demographic trends were taken into account in Trader Joe's strategy to note the population they are targeting. The population continues to grow and because the population is growing this means that it will have an impact on food consumption. Since, more and more immigrant move into the country it increases the population, and increase the needs and wants for food selection. Also, people in the current economy who are getting extra income chose to spend it on food that is organic, natural, and healthy for them. With competitive market, the trend is moving toward healthy products and low price options. The socio-cultural factors of health consciousness, population growth, and age all have an impact in the trends of food consumption, which directly affect the way Trader Joe's carries out business. The government not only makes sure food is safe but also if it is regulated properly. Legal and political trends have educated people about more sustainable lifestyles and healthier eating habits. The increasing consumer concern over the purity and safety of food has led to the demand for organic and natural food. Trader Joe's attracts consumers by offering quality products cheaper than its competitors. Trader Joe's has many strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The company offers a unique shopping atmosphere will helps attract customers. The employees are seen wearing Hawaiian shirts and hand out samples of food and drinks to customers. Trader Joe's are known to have low turnover rates compared to their competitors because they offer good working conditions. The company prides itself when it comes to its employees. Trader Joe's employees help strengthen the brand and image. The company select employees who are positive, enthusiastic, and who help convey the company's image to its consumers. However, with incredible strengths that the company portrays, there are some weaknesses. The company's poor social media presence, lack of advertising, and limited product selection, has lead to concerns. Many opportunities can be implemented to overcome these weaknesses. Expanding advertising to social media outlets can help target new customers and potentially increase profits. Also, international expansion may be an opportunity for the company. Alongside opportunities that Trader Joe's can implement there are many threats that have surfaced. The company is faced with old and new competitors. One specific competitors of Trader Joe's being Whole Foods Market, who aim to have more accessible prices for their private label brands, target more price sensitive customers as well as health conscious customers. It is known that the Trader Joe's has been profitable. However, there is still some area of concerns. Using Porter's five forces Trader Joe's can better understand the competitiveness of their business environment. The five forces can help identify the company's potential profitability. The following will discuss Trader Joe's using the five forces model to determine how market forces may affect their company. Forces can help assist the companies to gain a broader picture of what affects the profitability of the organization and how to fix it. Also, by understanding the forces, Trader Joe's can shape these forces in their favor. Industry Rivalry – Competitive rivalry looks at number and strength of competitors. For Trader Joe's industry rivalry risk is medium to high since the number of competitors is growing. Several grocers have developed over the past years and having a low level of product diversity can also increase competition. Trader Joe's core competitors have large numbers of capital as well as economies of scale. Threat of New Entrants – Potential threat of new entrants is low to medium. Since there is extreme cost and capital requirements it is harder for other entrants to join. Finding cheap or health conscious suppliers would be difficult. Getting good quality food for cheaper price is hard to deliver but it is not impossible. However, a brand name like Trader Joe's which took many years to build, would be difficult for entrants. Also, given that Trader Joe's is a specialty grocery store, makes the threat of new entrants lower and because the company uses absolute cost advantages in many aspects of its business operations. Threat of Substitutes – There is a medium to high threat of substitutes products from other industries in the market since customers have a variety of other places to shop at. Although, supermarkets are gaining market share and similar products are found elsewhere, Trader Joe's has an advantages since they have their own branded products. Power of Suppliers – The power of suppliers is determined by how easy it is for your suppliers to increase their prices. Trader Joe's power of suppliers is moderately low. There is high competition amongst suppliers. Trader Joe's have an advantage because of their non-disclosure which makes it undetectable to consumers if they changed their supplier. Trader Joe's never disclose their manufacturers or suppliers hence it allows them to get a better deal with respect to its competitors. Power of Buyers – The bargaining power of buyers the ability in which buyers can drive prices dow or the quality up. Buyer's power for Trader Joe's is moderately high because of the large number of customers who have control over the price and quality of the products. Buyers are looking for the best products available but at the lowest price possible which can put pressure on the company's profitability in the long run. The more powerful the buyers, the higher the bargaining power of the customers. In order to continue its success, Trader Joe's needs to consider the following alternative strategies regarding the concerns facing the company, such the lack of advertising, the minimal selection of products, and lack in social media presence. The clearest strategy to implement in order to offset the lack in advertising is to create a effective advertisement by knowing the audience, deciding on a target location, planning a budget, thinking about the message the ad will send, and highlighting competitive advantages. Advertising in magazines, radio stations, or even television programs would be a good place to start. This strategy formulation will not only help Trader Joe's reach a large audience, but will attract new customers. If done correctly, advertisement can be a key investment for businesses including Trader Joe's. The second concern that Trader Joe's faces is the little selection of products which can be overcomed by testing new products at certain stores across the country. This can be done by studying competition, targeting ideal customers, researching the market, proper pricing, and developing a list of potential buyers. Having diversity in products is a key concept in maximizing profits. For example, Trader Joe's can consider providing its customers with healthier food items. Since, government regulations and society's are pushing toward healthy diets to help fight the obesity rates, people are more likely to pursue a healthy diet. Lastly, a crucial strategy formulation for Trader Joe's to consider involve incorporating social media presence in the company that can help diversify themselves from competitors. Creating official pages on social media outlets, is inexpensive and mostly free. Trader Joe's can promote from within which will help them better connect with customers and will allow them to advertise. Absence in social media has prevented the company from realizing its benefits that would come from online shopping. Its competitors such as Walmart and Safeway provide customers the option of online shopping on their application and web page along with in-store outlets. The company can create an app with flyers of weekly store sales, promotions, and online check-out options. Having a presence online whether it be a webpage or an application, will help provide the convenience of shopping from home as well as attract from traffic. The popularity of social media is a perfect opportunity for Trader Joe's because it allows them to become more active at minimal cost. The value chain analysis, five forces, and swot analysis help provide Trader Joe's an insight of the supermarket industry. The company's competitive advantage and current opportunities and threats can either help or harm the company's competitive sustainability in the future. Additionally, Trader Joe's can set themselves apart from their competitors by developing social media outlets, by increasing advertisement, and innovating new products in their stores. The company has successfully created a brand for its company using various strategy compared to their competitors. However, to continue growth Trader Joe's needs to implement the following strategies which will ensure competitive advantages. Without these planned initiatives, other competitors can easily purloin these strategies and move ahead of Trader Joe's. Trader Joe’s Economical, technological, demographics, economical, political, and socio-cultural trends taken into consideration by Trader Joe's and help lead to their continuing success. When it comes to economic factor, Trader Joe's has performed well in all economic conditions. The company performs well in a weak economy because they offer low prices. In strong economy the company offers unique products which help them perform well. Consumers are very price conscious, the are always looking for reasonable deals with healthier food. Trader Joe's carry quality products at reasonable prices which is rare. It has been seen that during economic downturn, people tend to shop more at grocery stores. When gas prices are high people have less disposable income but when gas prices are low they have more disposable income and are willing to try new items at grocery stores. Increase in income is resulting an increase in disbursal thus spending more on wide range of products which is helping Trader Joe's attract more customers. However, with the outstanding performances Trader Joe's adapted with the economic trends, they have shown slow progress in technological trends. The company is yet to adapt to new technologies trends. Trader Joe's does not utilize any social media platforms, applications, web based services, or loyalty programs. Since, self-checkout and advertising through mobile apps are getting more common the company has not taken these trends into considerations. Utilizing technological trends to advertise and connect with consumers may positively influence Trader Joe's. Demographic trends were taken into account in Trader Joe's strategy to note the population they are targeting. The population continues to grow and because the population is growing this means that it will have an impact on food consumption. Since, more and more immigrant move into the country it increases the population, and increase the needs and wants for food selection. Also, people in the current economy who are getting extra income chose to spend it on food that is organic, natural, and healthy for them. With competitive market, the trend is moving toward healthy products and low price options. The socio-cultural factors of health consciousness, population growth, and age all have an impact in the trends of food consumption, which directly affect the way Trader Joe's carries out business. The government not only makes sure food is safe but also if it is regulated properly. Legal and political trends have educated people about more sustainable lifestyles and healthier eating habits. The increasing consumer concern over the purity and safety of food has led to the demand for organic and natural food. Trader Joe's attracts consumers by offering quality products cheaper than its competitors. Trader Joe's has many strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The company offers a unique shopping atmosphere will helps attract customers. The employees are seen wearing Hawaiian shirts and hand out samples of food and drinks to customers. Trader Joe's are known to have low turnover rates compared to their competitors because they offer good working conditions. The company prides itself when it comes to its employees. Trader Joe's employees help strengthen the brand and image. The company select employees who are positive, enthusiastic, and who help convey the company's image to its consumers. However, with incredible strengths that the company portrays, there are some weaknesses. The company's poor social media presence, lack of advertising, and limited product selection, has lead to concerns. Many opportunities can be implemented to overcome these weaknesses. Expanding advertising to social media outlets can help target new customers and potentially increase profits. Also, international expansion may be an opportunity for the company. Alongside opportunities that Trader Joe's can implement there are many threats that have surfaced. The company is faced with old and new competitors. One specific competitors of Trader Joe's being Whole Foods Market, who aim to have more accessible prices for their private label brands, target more price sensitive customers as well as health conscious customers. It is known that the Trader Joe's has been profitable. However, there is still some area of concerns. Using Porter's five forces Trader Joe's can better understand the competitiveness of their business environment. The five forces can help identify the company's potential profitability. The following will discuss Trader Joe's using the five forces model to determine how market forces may affect their company. Forces can help assist the companies to gain a broader picture of what affects the profitability of the organization and how to fix it. Also, by understanding the forces, Trader Joe's can shape these forces in their favor. Industry Rivalry – Competitive rivalry looks at number and strength of competitors. For Trader Joe's industry rivalry risk is medium to high since the number of competitors is growing. Several grocers have developed over the past years and having a low level of product diversity can also increase competition. Trader Joe's core competitors have large numbers of capital as well as economies of scale. Threat of New Entrants – Potential threat of new entrants is low to medium. Since there is extreme cost and capital requirements it is harder for other entrants to join. Finding cheap or health conscious suppliers would be difficult. Getting good quality food for cheaper price is hard to deliver but it is not impossible. However, a brand name like Trader Joe's which took many years to build, would be difficult for entrants. Also, given that Trader Joe's is a specialty grocery store, makes the threat of new entrants lower and because the company uses absolute cost advantages in many aspects of its business operations. Threat of Substitutes – There is a medium to high threat of substitutes products from other industries in the market since customers have a variety of other places to shop at. Although, supermarkets are gaining market share and similar products are found elsewhere, Trader Joe's has an advantages since they have their own branded products. Power of Suppliers – The power of suppliers is determined by how easy it is for your suppliers to increase their prices. Trader Joe's power of suppliers is moderately low. There is high competition amongst suppliers. Trader Joe's have an advantage because of their non-disclosure which makes it undetectable to consumers if they changed their supplier. Trader Joe's never disclose their manufacturers or suppliers hence it allows them to get a better deal with respect to its competitors. Power of Buyers – The bargaining power of buyers the ability in which buyers can drive prices dow or the quality up. Buyer's power for Trader Joe's is moderately high because of the large number of customers who have control over the price and quality of the products. Buyers are looking for the best products available but at the lowest price possible which can put pressure on the company's profitability in the long run. The more powerful the buyers, the higher the bargaining power of the customers. In order to continue its success, Trader Joe's needs to consider the following alternative strategies regarding the concerns facing the company, such the lack of advertising, the minimal selection of products, and lack in social media presence. The clearest strategy to implement in order to offset the lack in advertising is to create a effective advertisement by knowing the audience, deciding on a target location, planning a budget, thinking about the message the ad will send, and highlighting competitive advantages. Advertising in magazines, radio stations, or even television programs would be a good place to start. This strategy formulation will not only help Trader Joe's reach a large audience, but will attract new customers. If done correctly, advertisement can be a key investment for businesses including Trader Joe's. The second concern that Trader Joe's faces is the little selection of products which can be overcomed by testing new products at certain stores across the country. This can be done by studying competition, targeting ideal customers, researching the market, proper pricing, and developing a list of potential buyers. Having diversity in products is a key concept in maximizing profits. For example, Trader Joe's can consider providing its customers with healthier food items. Since, government regulations and society's are pushing toward healthy diets to help fight the obesity rates, people are more likely to pursue a healthy diet. Lastly, a crucial strategy formulation for Trader Joe's to consider involve incorporating social media presence in the company that can help diversify themselves from competitors. Creating official pages on social media outlets, is inexpensive and mostly free. Trader Joe's can promote from within which will help them better connect with customers and will allow them to advertise. Absence in social media has prevented the company from realizing its benefits that would come from online shopping. Its competitors such as Walmart and Safeway provide customers the option of online shopping on their application and web page along with in-store outlets. The company can create an app with flyers of weekly store sales, promotions, and online check-out options. Having a presence online whether it be a webpage or an application, will help provide the convenience of shopping from home as well as attract from traffic. The popularity of social media is a perfect opportunity for Trader Joe's because it allows them to become more active at minimal cost. The value chain analysis, five forces, and swot analysis help provide Trader Joe's an insight of the supermarket industry. The company's competitive advantage and current opportunities and threats can either help or harm the company's competitive sustainability in the future. Additionally, Trader Joe's can set themselves apart from their competitors by developing social media outlets, by increasing advertisement, and innovating new products in their stores. The company has successfully created a brand for its company using various strategy compared to their competitors. However, to continue growth Trader Joe's needs to implement the following strategies which will ensure competitive advantages. Without these planned initiatives, other competitors can easily purloin these strategies and move ahead of Trader Joe's.