The Isolation of Hamlet and Oedipus Essay Example for Free

The Isolation of Hamlet and Oedipus Essay Drama gives its readers a chance to delve into the inner selves of the characters as they sort out their internal struggles and external obstacles.   Often times these characters struggles lead them into a world of isolation as they battle against some type of seemingly unconquerable external force. As Tennessee Williams aptly said â€Å". . . we are in the jungle with whatever we can work out for ourselves. It seems to be that the cards are stacked against us. . . .†Ã‚   This is true for both Hamlet of the play by Shakespeare with the same title and also for Oedipus from Oedipus Rex.   Hamlet finds himself facing the obligation of revenge from his recently murdered father, the former King.   While he does not particularly want the challenge of avenging this murder, he does take steps to accomplish it.   However, the steps he takes are what serve to create his further isolation.   Before the ghost appears, Hamlet has the friendship of Horatio, a loving mother and a promising relationship with Ophelia.   He has no real enemies except for possibly his uncle Claudius.   As he continues with his roundabout plan for revenge, he alienates nearly everyone. First, Hamlet struggles with this newfound obligation and his own personality.   He notes â€Å"the time is out of joint,:O cursed spite / that ever I was born to set it right† (I,v).   He does not want to be the one chosen for this task, lacking the confidence and even motivation to take this step. Next, Hamlet struggles against the very credibility of the ghost.   He notes to Horatio his doubts when he speaks of adding a scene much like the death of his father and uses the play to test the veracity of the ghost’s claim.    When he sees the reaction of Claudius he is sure, but has raised the suspicion of his uncle, the King, to greater heights, placing himself in danger.   Now the struggle becomes a physical one with the king.   Even more isolating is Hamlet’s murder of Polonius, Ophelia’s father.   While accidental, this death serves to send Ophelia into suicidal insanity and to create a rival in her brother Laertes, who is also now driven for revenge.   Now, Hamlet is struggling with himself, guilt, and the dangerous union of Claudius and Laertes, who both want him dead. During this journey, Hamlet becomes increasingly isolated.   First, he feigns insanity himself to allow himself the opportunity to be less conspicuous which creates a rift between himself and his family.   To keep his cover, he must act cruelly toward Ophelia, his love.   He tells her that she should not have believed him when he said that he loved her and to â€Å"Get thee to a nunnery!†(III,i).    Only Horatio remains true to Hamlet, perhaps as the only character that can see Hamlet’s decline clearly.   He attempts to warn Hamlet of the finality of the arranged duel: â€Å"you will not win this wager, my lord.†Ã‚   As predicted, Hamlet does not win.   He, Polonius, his mother, his uncle, Ophelia, and Laertes all die as a result of Hamlet’s inability to win his internal and external struggles. Oedipus also struggles agains the hands of fate.   He has been fated to kill his father and marry his mother.   While he is far away at this time, he seeks to avenge Laius murder and travel away.   His struggle agains his own arrogance is evident when he condemns the prophet Tieresias who warns him.   Tieresias responds with â€Å"You blame my temper,/ but do not see the one which lives within you† (line 403-404).   This temper reveals itself when he continues to goad Tieresias and discovers that â€Å"I [Tieresias] say that you yourself are the very man you’re looking for† (ln.434-435). He then gives the prophecy that will forever haunt Oedipus:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He will be blind, although he now can see. He will be a poor, although he now is rich. He will set off for a foreign country, groping the ground before him with a stick. And he will turn out to be the brother of the children in his house—their father, too, both at once, and the husband and the son of the very woman who gave birth to them. He sowed the same womb as his father and murdered him. Go in and think on this. If you discover I have spoken falsely, you can say I lack all skill in prophecy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (lines 550-562). Of course he is referring to Oedipus, but Oedipus’ arrogance will not allow him to see it at this time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Slowly fate comes to blows with Oedipus.   He learns that Laius was killed in a similar fashion as a way he once murdered a man.  Ã‚   In addition, he learns that who he believed to be his father died of natural causes and that he had been given as a baby to another man.   The knowledge isolates Oedipus from his people and from his wife, who kills herself as a result of the horrible news.   Finally, he isolates himself from the world and the truth when he blinds himself saying, You will no longer see all those atrocious things I suffered, the dreadful things I did! No. You have seen those you never should have looked upon, and those I wished to know you did not see. So now and for all future time be dark! (lines 1517-1521). He cannot accept the truth so he retreats into the wilderness alone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both Hamlet and Oedipus must accept what fate brings them.   Hamlet struggles against his duty and isolates himself from everyone he loves, eventually losing his own life.   Oedipus struggles against the truth, ultimately losing his position and family in the process.   Indeed, it seems as if these characters were left alone, to their own devices, and did not win the struggles.

Vimto Business Report

Vimto Business Report Vimto Business Report Table of Content EXECUTIVE SUMMARY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 1. CURRENT MARKET POSITION†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 1.1 Brand 1.2 Target Market Analysis 2. MARKET OVERVIEW†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5-6 2.1 PEST 2.2 Current business trends 3. TOWS ANALYSIS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7-8 3.1 Key Issues 3.2 Key Opportunities 4. STRATEGY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8-9 4.1 Brand Development Strategy 4.2 Pricing Strategy 4.3 Advertising Strategy 4.4 Distribution Strategy 5. SUMMARY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 6. REFERENCES10 Executive Summary This report is written to present an analysis of the marketing environment of Vimto with the aim of providing strategic input on how to improve their chances of success. Vimto is in the soft drinks business and is owned by Nichols plc. Vimto grew 4.3% and since it’s the core brand of the group, significant attention has to be allocated to assure its continued success. Reading this report will highlight what strategies, obstacles, trends, threats and marketing/ communication tools are needed to make sure this product become successful. The report contains a market analysis, different recommendations and an outline on the future potentials for the products. CURRENT MARKET POSITION 1.1 Brand Nichols is the UK based company that is engaged in producing soft drinks and other beverages. The company distributes its products to the retail, wholesale, vending, catering, licensed, and leisure industries. The company has operations in the UK, Middle East, China and Africa. The companys brand portfolio includes Vimto, which is sold in over 65. The company offers still and carbonates drinks. The company offers soft drinks on dispense market. (MarketLine, 2013) 1.2. Target Market Analysis Supermarkets / hypermarkets form the leading distribution channel in the United Kingdom carbonated soft drinks market, accounting for a 35.2% share of the total markets volume. On-trade accounts for a further 25.9% of the market. Figure 1: United Kingdom carbonated soft drinks market distribution: % share, by volume, 2012 (source: MarketLine) MARKET OVERVIEW PESTLE Political Political factors impact on the way business operates. The statutory minimum wage affects all businesses, as do consumer and health and safety laws. The political decision as to whether or not the UK signs up to have the Single European Currency is having an impact on UK businesses, which includes Vimto. Economical All businesses are affected by economical factors nationally and globally. Interest rate policies and fiscal policies will have to be set accordingly. Within the UK the climate of the economy dictates how consumer may behave within society. Whether an economy is in a boom, recession or recovery will also affect consumer confidence and behaviour. This has an impact on most businesses including Vimto. An economy which is in a recession is characterized by high unemployment, and low confidence. Because of high unemployment spending is low; confidence about job security is also low. Consumers will be more inclined to reduce their spending because of their low revenues. This leads businesses to try to reduce their operation cost to save money. The market is seeing a growth so we can assume that the impact on Vimto will be currently minimal. (Marketline, 2013) Social The social factors affecting Vimto include the demographic changes, cultural aspect and consumers habits. These factors affect customer needs and the size of potential markets. Vimto being sweet and fruity will appeal to the younger demographic. It has also introduced energy drink in its portfolio that will entice sporty and diet aware people. (Just-drinks, 2013) Technological Technological factors are vital for competitive advantage, and are a major driver of change and efficiency. With the advent of social media allowing for a wide range of consumer to be targeted, it simply cannot be neglected anymore and those who invest in that area will have a significant advantage. (Brand Republic, 2009) Laws regulation Environmental Like any other drinks brand, Vimto experiences many environmental threats to both production and brand awareness. They have to ensure that their packaging and brand is not affecting the environment or they could receive a backlash from consumers and activisits. (Loulla-Mae Eleftheriou-Smith, 2011) Current business trends The performance of the market is forecast to accelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 4.4% for the five-year period 2012 2017, which is expected to drive the market to a value of $16,063.6m by the end of 2017. Comparatively, the French and German markets will grow with CAGRs of 1% and 1.6% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values of $4,827.6m and $11,274.2m in 2017. (MarketLine, 2013) TOWS ANALYSIS Figure 2. – TOWS analysis table. 4.1 Key issues From the TOWS, the important issues to consider are: high costs resulting from using UK labour and not outsourcing. Lack of Internet of coverage and presence as social medias (i.e. Facebook) aren’t well or not exploited at all. 4.2 Key opportunities From the TOWS, the key opportunities include: The energy sector remains the fastest growing category in soft drinks at 7% per annum (Nichols, 2014) so mergers with well-known brand (recently with Weightwatchers) are a good option. Wide advertisement of its green position. Use of cyber marketing by using social medias to target a broader range of consumers. STRATEGY 4.1 Brand Development strategy The brand image is already in place. Vimto must simply supply evidence to the consumers that their brand image is accurate and worthwhile. Vimto provide proof of their quality products and services by advertising that they’re locally produced following a strict CSR code. 4.2 Pricing strategy As the company generated good numbers despite the anticipated reduction, an alteration of the price isn’t critical. 4.3 Advertising strategy It should be focused more on the range of exposure through multiple media sources (i.e social medias). 4.4 Distribution strategy Progress continues to be made in Nichols Dispense business, with consolidation of the independent distributor base. This also involved the full integration of Festival Soft Drinks Limited, based on the south coast of England, into Nichols Dispense during 2013. 4.5 Marketing strategy The marketing strategy of Vimto will be to: Increase awareness of the brand finding innovative way to use the multimedia tools (i.e. Facebook etc.). Build strategic partnerships to make sure that you will be able to take advantage of their brand recognition and infrastructures. Differentiate themselves from competitors through introduction of new products consumer targeting specific type (i.e. sport drinks with flashy PET bottle to attract sportmen). Continued advertisement of ‘green’ resolutions adoption and CSR policies. SUMMARY The target Market could be sometimes hard to reach due to the fact that most of them are not well exposed to the brand compared to the competition such as Coca-Cola. This marketing and promotion could be overcome by selecting a wider range of marketing and communication tools. New products introduced offer a number a choices to consumers and widen its base. Additionally, corporate responsibility position makes it look respectable and apealling. The strong market position Vimto has in the global market gives its products a high change of success. Vimto has a well established market position in the soft drinks industry, which gives it a large scale of new opportunities by the bias of mergers. If the implement of those new ways to attract consumers (i.e social media) is done, it will gives them a competitive advantage. REFERENCES Brand Republic (2009) Vimto digital strategy pulls teens into branded game. Available from: http://www.brandrepublic.com/news/922925/Vimto-digital-strategy-pulls-teens-branded-game/?HAYILC=RELATED [Accessed 04/04/2014] Bureau van Dijk (2014) Nichols company report. FAME [online]. Available from: http://fame2.bvdep.com [Accessed 28 February 2014] Bureau van Dijk (2014) Nichols company report. OSIRIS [online]. Available from: http://osiris.bvdinfo.com/ [Accessed 28 February 2014] Facebook (2014) Facebook. Available from: http://www.facebook.com [Accessed 04/04/2014] Just-drinks. (2013) Product Launch UK: Nichols Vimto Extreme Energy and Extreme Sport. just-drinks [online]. Available from: http://www.just-drinks.com/news/nichols-vimto-extreme-energy-and-extreme-sport_id110674.aspx [Accessed 04/04/2014] Loulla-Mae Eleftheriou-Smith (2011) Vimto updates bottle and packaging design. Marketing Magazine [online]. Available from: http://www.marketingmagazine.co.uk, [accessed on 04/04/2014] MarketLine (2013) MarketLine Industry Profile : Carbonated Soft Drinks industry in the United Kingdom. MarketLine Advantage [online]. Available from : http://http://advantage.marketline.com.ezproxy.uwe.ac.uk/ [Accessed 28 February 2014] MarketLine (2013) Company Profile : Nichols plc. MarketLine Advantage [online]. Available from : http://http://advantage.marketline.com.ezproxy.uwe.ac.uk [Accessed 28 February 2014] Nichols plc (2014) Nichols plc. Available from: http://www.nicholsplc.co.uk/ [Accessed 04/04/2014] Nichols plc (2014) Annual report financial statement 2013 [online]. . Available from: http://www.nicholsplc.co.uk/ [Accessed 04/04/2014] Vimto (2014) Vimto. Available from: http://www.vimto.co.uk/ [Accessed 04/04/2014] Weight Watchers (2014) Weight Watchers. Available from: http://www.weightwatchers.co.uk/ [Accessed 04/04/2014] Template style inspired by Chernova, E. et al (2013) Samsung Smart Fridge Business to Business Marketing Plan. Available from: http://www.coursepaper.com/samsung-smart-fridge-business-business-marketing-plan [Accessed 04/04/2014] 1

Film Analysis of Bowling for Columbine by Michael Moore Essay -- Micha

Film Analysis of Bowling for Columbine by Michael Moore 'Bowling for Columbine', directed by Michael Moore, deals with the problems of gun crime in America. The main purpose of this film is to persuade American people to change their ideas about guns and gun laws. Moore constantly refers to other countries such as Canada and their gun policies to back up his arguments for increased gun regulation. He is successfully able to counter argue any reason given by pro gun supporters as to the reason why America has the highest gun related crimes and death, even though other countries have similar attitudes towards violence. The scenes that have been selected focus on different aspects of the film, which present Moore's ability to persuade his audience into his way of viewing gun crime. Michael Moore has used a variety of techniques in the ?A wonderful World? scene to influence the audience into siding with his views and to portray America as a destructive force to other countries. The sequencing of the scene ?A Wonderful World? is very effective. The scene before the clip is very ironic as it shows the Lockheed Martin, which is the largest weapons producer in America. The Lockheed Martin spokesman is standing in front of A missile and is talking about America as a protector of the world. Yet, immediately after this, the man claims that America is not an aggressor, the film is launched into the scenes which entirely contradict his claims. This is a successful use of persuasive technique as the audience will now trust what Moore has to say rather tha... ... either that the NRA and the Klan were parallel groups or that when the Klan was outlawed its members formed the NRA. Both are completely wrong however this is effective as it illustrates that since the KKK was evil, that the NRA is also evil as it is made up of the same members or that both groups have the same belief. Moore is able to use a number of persuasive techniques in the three scenes from Bowling for Columbine to express his views on gun laws. The moods of these three scenes vary considerably, from humour, to serious to sarcasm and irony. By appealing to different types of emotions, the audience is able to connect with Moore effectively. As well as this, by feeling humorous or sad when Moore intends the audience to be, the viewers immediately, whether intentionally or unintentionally side with Moore?s view.

The Importance of the Scaffold in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: free essay writer

  The Importance of the Scaffold in The Scarlet Letter   Since the beginning of time humans have had to confront their sinfulness. Some rely on religious faith to help with the struggle against sin while others add to their sins by lying to hide other sins. In the end, man must stand alone – as a sinful creature before God. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Dimmesdale struggles with his sin until he discovers the scaffold as a place to find peace with himself. That scaffold holds more importance than just somewhere to condemn prisoners. It is the one place where Dimmesdale felt liberated to say anything he wishes. In Puritan culture, the scaffold is used to humiliate and chastise prisoners, be it witches at the stake, thieves in the stocks, or a murderer hanging from the gallows. In The Scarlet Letter, the scaffold was viewed more as a place of judgment. â€Å"Meagre ... was the sympathy that a transgressor might look for, from such bystanders, at the scaffold.† (p. 63) Indeed, it was used for castigation, but it was also a place of trial: Hester’s trial was held at the scaffold. Standing upon the platform opens oneself to God and to the world. â€Å"They stood in the noon of that strange and solemn splendor, as if it were the light that is to reveal all secrets, and the daybreak that shall unite all who belong to one another.† (p. 186) Being on the scaffold puts oneself in a feeling of spiritual nakedness- where you f eel exposed to God, but cleansed. It was the one place where Dimmesdale could find complete reconciliation.                Witnessing such an event as reconciliation is quite a fascinating experience. But without knowing what is going on, it can also be quite horrifying. â€Å"Without any effort of his will, or power to restrain himself, he [Dimmesdale] shrieked aloud: an outcry that went pealing through the night, and was beaten back from one house to another, and reverberated from the hills in the background; as if a company of devils, detecting so much misery and terror in it, had made a plaything of the sound, and were bandying it to and fro.† (pp. 178-9) Indeed, the townsfolk felt the latter. â€Å"Drowsy slumberers mistook the cry either for something frightful in a dream, or for the noise of witches.†(p. 179) They did not understand that this was his reconciliation.

Essay --

The 20th century was a pivotal time period for psychology. During this time period many sub-disciplines of psychology were created which in essence contributed to the growth and further development of psychology. One of those sub-disciplines of psychology that seems to constantly grow and has gained momentum over the years has been forensic psychology. Although Munsterberg was not the first to suggest that psychology should be applied to the law, instead it was Freud in 1906 during a speech to an Australian judge that there are factors within psychology that should be applied to the law. Although he was the man behind the discovery of forensic psychology and several other sub-disciplines of psychology. Munsterberg developed a Psychology lab in Harvard in 1892. Munsterberg managed to overcome obstacles and criticism and committed to the development of psychology and not only its sub-disciplines. Forensic psychology is such a complex sub-discipline of psychology, and this complexity makes it difficult to define. The simplest way to define forensic psychology would have to be: sub-di...

Mindray

Midday Is a small player In the global market, ranked at the ninth position globally with a world market share slightly above 1%. The market Is dominated by the â€Å"Big Three† (GE, Philips and Siemens) counting on over 75% of global market share. During the last decade Midday has been able to reach the leadership in the Chinese domestic market even though Ensures still has the highest revenues.The most powerful competitive advantage Midday can exploit it is a low cost educated labor force coming from the best Chinese universities and hired at one fifth of the salary marred to Its Western counterparts. The Idea Mainland has been developing since it was founded In 1991 was to become an International player and every single move has been made in that direction. First of all, Midday built all its products on proprietary intellectual property, Just to avoid of being dependent from other companies.Secondly, the fact of being a Chinese company allows Mainland to benefit from gover nment provisions and financial help In many research projects. Moreover the low cost of labor allows the company to increase the percentage of revenues invested in R&D. Finally, Mandarins ales model consisting in a distributor-based system has been working well for the last decade in China and fits perfectly with the global markets especially after the big companies abandoned the main distributors because they were too expensive.Midday has wisely focused its sales on second and third level hospitals, township health centers In rich regions, secondary hospitals and large private hospitals In less affluent areas In order to avoid direct competition with first and second tier companies. In order to be prepared to compete with the international large firms, Midday has titled an advanced R&D center in Seattle where it develops more advanced medical device technologies.In the meantime Midday leads the Chinese medical R&D research with several centers around the country In which low cost e xpertise, labor, raw materials and faceless are available. Because of all the facts mentioned above Mandarins products are Just a little bit less technologically advanced but much more competitive in terms of pricing than main competitors' products. In 2007 Mandarins sales were concentrated more on international markets than on Chinese market.The company was able to distribute its products all over the world through Its distribution network and direct sales network. Despite of this, Mandarins performance In the US market was still not sufficient and even worse considering the leadership of USA in healthcare expenditures (42% of world total). The opportunity to acquire Teaspoon at a decent price could be a great deal for Midday to strengthen its international presence with a particular focus on the US market.Teaspoon and Midday have collaborated for 2 year from 2004 to 2006, without encountering any sort of problem and creating a great value on both sides. O benefit from the synergie s created by combining Midday's strong China-based engineering and production platforms with Teaspoon's established brands, long standing reputation for high-quality products and service, its large and established direct sales and service team in the US and EX. and both companies' leading R&D capabilities.Given these advantages, it's worth to consider the price for both the acquisition and a stand-alone market entry by creating a successful brand and an effective distribution network. In 2006-2007 the EVE/EBITDA multiple for acquisition in deiced healthcare industry was between 5,xx and 9,xx and this suggests an acquisition price included between $275 millions and $475 millions. Midday could reinvest the money it raised due to the successful listing at NYSE.The other option looks much more expensive not only in terms of money invested but also considering how many years it will take to implement such a strategy. In my opinion, after the acquisition Midday should continue targeting s econd and third level hospitals even in the USA in order to keep its big competitors quiet. Taking the position of GEE I would suggest to do not react at this acquisition for the allowing reasons: GEE has revenues of more than 20 times larger than Midday.GEE has already established a large part of its manufacturing in China where it leads the top tier company market share. GEE has better R, brand image and knowledge than Midday. GEE, Philips and Siemens are global leaders of a global oligopoly, which means that the smaller players must serve market niches if they want to survive, benefiting of lower profits and lower R % of revenues. In conclusion I would say that Midday has really good chances to reach the right size or Jumping into the top firms level competition but nowadays hasn't any chance to compete against the global giants.Over the last years it has demonstrated to possess technical, technological and managerial skills to become a relevant player in the medical healthcare i ndustry also possessing most of the Men's competitive advantages. Nevertheless, leading such a competitive market requires the skills to develop extreme high quality products and Midday doesn't possess those skills and reasonably it will never be able to develop them being a Chinese R&D-based company.

Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development Essay

INTRODUCTION Human development is a highly complex concept among concepts of human sciences. Developmentalists claim that every single event in each stage of childhood development is extremely significant since any reaction to the behaviors in developmental stages has a vital meaning which is realized later in human life.Therefore I can state that every single action in childhood developmental stages has a certain impact on human’s cognitive, social, and emotional development. Science of human development is effected in a large extent by six broad theoretical traditions which are psychoanalytic viewpoint, the learning viewpoint, the cognitive-developmental viewpoint, the information- processing viewpoint, the evolutionary viewpoint, and the ecological systems viewpoint. In this research report, I am going to focus on Freud’s Psychosexual Theory, Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development and the Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. If I were to state basically what I concentrate in this research report; on the stages of three human development theories which belong to Freud, Erikson and Piaget. I will compare these development theories through analyzing each stage of them while addressing some experiences which I have in my life or I have come across in my environment. The purpose of comparing these three human development theories is basically to figure out their implications to parenting and early childhood education by analyzing the characteristics of the stages of these theories in childhood development. Through this research, I will be able to define the concrete examples of characteristics human development theories’ stages in my life, which means that theoretical knowledge will be shaped in my mind through personal experiences. ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT: A FOCUS ON CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO PARENTING AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Erikson’ Psychosocial Theory of Development is a model which is based on eight stages. These stages are also called as crises in human development,because they involve psychological needs of the individual (i.e. psycho) conflicting with the needs of society (i.e. social).( McLeod,2008). Each stage is vitally important in human lifespan as each of them results in specific characteristic features and certain virtues in personality. The first stage is trust versus mistrust; it occurs during the first year. What I have experienced about this stage is that the role of caregiver is highly important since the possibility whether the result of this stage will be positive or negative depends on the caregiver attitude towards infant completely. If I were to give an example; in care centers where babies without family are cared can not take sufficient and consistent affection from caregivers. this situation causes these babies to have a perception that the world is a place which is full of unreliable people, that is to say, they develop the sense of mistrust to world. The second stage is autonomy versus shame and doubt which occurs in 1-3 years. In this stage, child is the beginning of the gaining his independence that is autonomy. An example of what I observed on child in this stage ; my cousin who is 2-year always is in fight with his parents as he always rejects his mother’s help while eating, and he insists on wearing his clothes on his own. These are manifestation that he tries to get the autonomy. What his parents should do in this phase is to allow him to try provide his needs while scaffolding him, which results in a high confidence and independency in child’s personality. If children are criticized, overly controlled, or not given the opportunity to assert themselves, they begin to feel inadequate in their ability to survive, and may then become overly dependent upon others, lack self-esteem, and feel a sense of shame or doubt in their own abilities.( McLeod,2008) Third stage is initiative vs guilty occurring around age three to age five. When comes to its implication on parenting and early childhood education; In this process, children initiate many activities, they organize games on they own. and the most significant characteristics feature is asking questions. I remember that when my brother was around five years old, he was always asking me a lot of questions about everything he saw. I was fed up with that mess of questions. However, I was trying to respond him as I was aware this fact that if I do not respond him, he will stop ask questions and he will repress his questions on his mind after a while ,which prevents him from developing cognitively, socially and emotionally. According to Erikson’s theory, if child is stopped to act and ask freely, they will develop feelings of guilt. So, setting a balance between initiative and guilt is highly important in this stage. Fourth stage is industry vs. inferiority occurring age 6 to age 12. In this stage, the dominant characteristic feature is productivity. Child starts to produce; after reading he can sum up, moreover, he can make up stories, and new games. He develops new skills which include cognitive and psychomotor skills. As for its implication on parenting and early childhood education; When children are encouraged in their efforts to make, do or build practical  things (whether it be to construct creepy crawlers, three houses or airplane models-or to cook, bake or sew), are allowed to finish their products, and are praised and regarded for the results, then the sense of industry is enhanced. But parents who see their children’s efforts at making and doing as â€Å"mischief,† and as simply â€Å"making a mess,† help to encourage in children a sense of inferiority.( Elkind,1970) FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT: A FOCUS ON CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT Freud Psychosexual Theory of development is based on five stages in which human personality develops. If all stages are stepped on appropriately, the personality will be healthy. In some situations, person can not pass the stage successfully, he can get stuck in one of these stages. the point which I focus on is the implications of Freud’ Psychosexual theory of development to personality development. I will apply my experiences in order to make the stages clearer. The first stage is oral stage occurring from birth to age 1. If I were to explain briefly oral stage; the prominent feature of oral stage is that child satisfies himself through oral way, that is, he gets pleasure from sucking and biting. How should parents behave towards the child in oral stage?If, however, a baby’s need for pleasure through the mouth is not satisfied or over satisfied at this stage, it can lead to problems of trust and independence in adulthood. Over-satisfaction at this stage can lead to over dependence on others while deprivation can lead to a highly suspicious, argumentative nature. Orally fixated adults can become smokers or tend to over-eat when stressed.( Cook,2006 ) I remember the time when my youngest brother was about one years old, he used to stick to pacifier all day and night. Whenever my mother would take the pacifier out his mouth, he would scream and cry till my mother would give the pacifier back. What I observed on my brother would cause me to think about the reason behind it. I would not put a meaning on the love of pacifier of babies. I would think that the pacifier is not filled with any food, so it does not feed the babies. Then why are they stick to pacifier? After I learned about the oral stage of  Freud Theory, I came to realize the developmental base of my brother’s desire for pacifier. The second stage is anal stage occurring from age 1 to 3. Like other stages, parenting style has a very immense impact on child’ personality during anal stage. If parent’s attitude towards child is too permissive, child develops a reckless, disorganized, not self-disciplined character. If parent’s attitude towards child is too strict, child develops a strict, rigid and obsessive character. The third stage is phallic stage occurring between age 3 and 5. What I have observed is that during phallic stage children get satisfied with touching genitals. They get pleasure from the stimulation of genitals. When comes to parenting, I remember that my mother used to warn my youngest brother when he took off his pant in order to touch his genital.It is at this stage that parents who react with revulsion to the child playing with themselves and order them not to do it again anxiety may be produced that may cause problems in adulthood such as frigidity, impotence, promiscuity and at the least, a prudish attitude.(Cook,2006) The last important point is that realizing sex roles occurs during phallic stage. The next stage is latency stage occurring between age 5 and 12. Sexual energy is suppressed by the development of ego and superego during latency stage. Child gets in contact with peers in social environment. the crucial point is that during latency stage the sexual energy does not vanish however it is directed to other areas such as hobbies, interests, social interactions, and social activities. Teacher should facilitate children’ interest and hobbies in order to convert their energy in a healthy way. Parents need to be provide children with a environment which is conducive to spend energy for hobbies and interest appropriately. PIAGET’S THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: A FOCUS ON CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Piaget’s Theory is based on four stages.The first stage is sensorimotor stage  occurring from birth to age 2. How should parents or caregiver approach the child in sensorimotor stage? Parents and caregivers need to be aware of this fact that children in this age can not grasp the meaning of the symbols. The all knowledge they have is based on physical interactions and experiences. That’s why, parents need to make children understand concepts throughdemonstration or visualization. Parents/ caregivers should let children in this stage do trial and error since they learn and have experiences through trial and error. The second stage is preoperational stage occurring between age 2 and 7. How should teachers approach the child in preoperational stage? Teachers should be facilitator for their learning.They should provide concrete and visual materials and prompts in order to encourage their understanding. Children in this stage start to develop complex cognitive skills.Teachers should provide them a learning environment according to their level in order to make them develop cognitive skills appropriately. The third stage is concrete operational stage occurring between the ages of 7-11 years.What I observed is that the child who is very egocentric in preoperational stage changes his behavior in concrete preoperational stage.If I were to give an example, my cousin used to hate sharing his toys with his brother when he was 5 years old. In his age 8, I realized that he started to share his color pencils with his friends at school. So, I came to this point that he got rid of his self-centeredness and egocentric manners in this stage. Intellectual development in this stage is demonstrated through the use of logical and systematic manipulation of symbols, which are related to concrete objects.(Wood and Grossniklaus, 2001) If I were to act from these characteristic feature of this stage, the approach of teacher should be in a way that they should provide children concrete, and visual materials by which children can extend their logical thinking and broaden their perception appropriately. CONCLUSION First of all I should state that I got pleasure with what I learned during preparing this report. I came up with many realizations about the early education after analyzing three different approaches to human development. In my opinion, the most important result of this report is that I put meanings on what I have experienced and observed on behaviors and manners of children.I categorized the children’ behaviors I observed into a certain stage of each theory. Another important result of this report is that considering these theories’s implications on childhood experiences and early childhood education made me realize the strong connection between development stages and caregivers’s/ parents’ /teacher’s role in human development. As I stated before, every single event in each stage of childhood development is extremely significant since every reaction to the behaviors in developmental stages has a vital meaning which is realized later in human life. Get to conclusion, the last important result of the report is that I realized the importance of the relation between instruction/education programs and development stages. I deduced that the level, activities, and materials included in instruction programs must be definitely in consistent with each stage of development in order to result in success in personality and education life. REFERENCES Wood, K. C., Smith, H., Grossniklaus, D. (2001). _Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Developmen_t. In M. Orey (Ed.), _Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology_. Retrieved from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/ Elkind, D. â€Å"Erik Erikson’s Eight Stages of Man.† _New York Times Magazine_. 1970. Web. 18 May 2014. Mcleod, S. (2008). _Erik Erikson._ Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html Wagner, K.V. (2010). _Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development._ Retrieved from http://www.allbookez.com/pdf/14l5en/ Cook. M. (2006). _Freud’s Stages of Psychosexual Development._ Retrieved from http://valen1971.webs.com/Assessments/Freud’s%20Theory%20of%20Psychosexual%20Development.pdf